不同加载类型对力量-速度关系参数的有效性和幅度的影响。
Effects of Different Loading Types on the Validity and Magnitude of Force-Velocity Relationship Parameters.
机构信息
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, The Research Center, Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Granada, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Granada, Spain.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2024 Jul-Aug;16(4):630-636. doi: 10.1177/19417381231182131. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
BACKGROUND
Force-velocity () relationship models gained popularity as a tool for muscle mechanical assessment. However, it is not clear whether the validity of the relationship parameters (maximal theoretical force [], velocity [] and power []) is affected using different load types: gravitational (, rubber bands pulling the barbell downward), inertial (, rubber bands pulling the barbell, which is equalized to the weight of the added plates upward), and combined ( + , weight of the plates).
HYPOTHESIS
Load type would affect both the magnitude and validity of relationship parameters. The highest magnitude and validity was expected for using a , for using an , and for using a + load.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-sectional.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 3.
METHODS
A total of 13 resistance-trained men (body mass, 87.7 ± 11.2 kg and body height, 183.9 ± 6.4 cm) performed bench press (BP) throws (BPTs) using 3 types of loads against 30 to 80 kg. The validity of relationship parameters was explored with respect to the tests used traditionally for force (maximal voluntary contraction and 1-repetition maximum [1RM]), velocity (maximal velocity achieved during almost unloaded tasks), and power (BPT against the 50%1RM and medicine ball throws) assessment.
RESULTS
The loading promoted the highest values of and , while the highest magnitude of was promoted by the loading. The validity was acceptable for obtained using the 3 loading conditions with respect to the BP 1RM ( range, 0.30-0.83), and obtained using the loading with respect to the stick throw ( = 0.54).
CONCLUSION
The magnitude of the relationship parameters is affected by load type, but their validity with respect to standardized tests is comparable, with the exception of the higher validity of when obtained using the loading.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Any load type can be used for assessing , while load should be selected when assessing .
背景
力-速度（）关系模型作为一种肌肉力学评估工具而受到欢迎。然而，使用不同的负荷类型（重力、橡皮条向下拉杠铃、惯性、橡皮条向上拉杠铃，其重量与所加盘子的重量相等，以及组合、盘子的重量）是否会影响关系参数（最大理论力[]、速度[]和功率[]）的有效性尚不清楚。
假设
负荷类型会影响关系参数的大小和有效性。预计使用时，参数的大小和有效性最高；使用时，参数的大小和有效性最高；使用时，参数的大小和有效性最高。
研究设计
横断面研究。
证据水平
3 级。
方法
共有 13 名经过抗阻训练的男性（体重 87.7±11.2kg，身高 183.9±6.4cm）使用 3 种类型的负荷进行卧推投掷（BPT），负荷范围为 30-80kg。用传统的力测试（最大自主收缩和 1 重复最大量[1RM]）、速度测试（几乎无负荷任务中达到的最大速度）和功率测试（50%1RM 对抗和药球投掷）评估关系参数的有效性。
结果
加载促进了和的最高值，而加载促进了的最高值。用 3 种加载条件获得的和 1RM 与 BP（范围，0.30-0.83）的相关性良好，用加载条件获得的与棍棒投掷的相关性良好（=0.54）。
结论
关系参数的大小受负荷类型的影响，但与标准化测试的有效性相当，除了使用加载时的有效性更高外。
临床意义
任何负荷类型都可用于评估，而应选择加载时评估。
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