评估深蹲运动中最大神经肌肉能力的负荷-速度关系变量。
Load-Velocity Relationship Variables to Assess the Maximal Neuromuscular Capacities During the Back-Squat Exercise.
机构信息
Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2022 Nov-Dec;14(6):885-893. doi: 10.1177/19417381211064603. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
BACKGROUND
The relationship between the external load lifted and movement velocity can be modeled by a simple linear regression, and the variables derived from the load-velocity (L-V) relationship were recently used to estimate the maximal neuromuscular capacities during 2 variants of the back-squat exercise.
HYPOTHESIS
The L-V relationship variables will be highly reliable and will be highly associated with the traditional tests commonly used to evaluate the maximal force and power.
STUDY DESIGN
Twenty-four male wrestlers performed 5 testing sessions (a 1-repetition maximum [1RM] session, and 4 experimental sessions [2 with the concentric-only back-squat and 2 with the eccentric-concentric back-squat]). Each experimental session consisted of performing 3 repetitions against 5 loads (45%-55%-65%-75%-85% of the 1RM), followed by single 1RM attempts.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 3.
METHODS
Individual L-V relationships were modeled from the mean velocity collected under all loading conditions from which the following 3 variables were calculated: load-axis intercept (), velocity-axis intercept (), and area under the line ( = ·/2). The back-squat 1RM strength and the maximum power determined as the apex of the power-velocity relationship () were also determined as traditional measures of maximal force and power capacities, respectively.
RESULTS
The between-session reliability was high for the (coefficient of variation [CV] range = 2.58%-4.37%; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] range = 0.98-0.99) and generally acceptable for and (CV range = 5.08%-9.01%; ICC range = 0.45-0.96). Regarding the concurrent validity, the correlations were very large between and the 1RM strength ( = 0.87-0.88) and nearly perfect between and ( = 0.98-0.99).
CONCLUSION
The load-velocity relationship variables can be obtained with a high reliability (, , and ) and validity ( and ) during the back-squat exercise.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The load-velocity relationship modeling represents a quick and simple procedure to estimate the maximal neuromuscular capacities of lower-body muscles.
背景
外部负载与运动速度之间的关系可以通过简单的线性回归来建模，并且最近使用负载-速度（L-V）关系中的变量来估计两种后蹲运动变体期间的最大神经肌肉能力。
假设
L-V 关系变量将具有高度可靠性，并与通常用于评估最大力和功率的传统测试高度相关。
研究设计
24 名男性摔跤手进行了 5 次测试（1 次重复最大强度 [1RM] 测试和 4 次实验测试[2 次仅进行向心后蹲，2 次进行离心-向心后蹲]）。每个实验测试包括在 5 个负载（1RM 的 45%-55%-65%-75%-85%）下进行 3 次重复，然后进行单次 1RM 尝试。
证据水平
3 级。
方法
从所有加载条件下收集的平均速度中建立个体 L-V 关系，从中计算出以下 3 个变量：负载轴截距（）、速度轴截距（）和线下面积（=·/2）。后蹲 1RM 强度和作为功率-速度关系顶点确定的最大功率（）也分别作为最大力量和功率能力的传统测量值确定。
结果
会话间的可靠性对于（变异系数 [CV] 范围=2.58%-4.37%；组内相关系数 [ICC] 范围=0.98-0.99）较高，而对于（CV 范围=5.08%-9.01%；ICC 范围=0.45-0.96）则一般可接受。关于同时有效性，与 1RM 强度（=0.87-0.88）之间的相关性非常大，而与（=0.98-0.99）之间的相关性几乎是完美的。
结论
在进行后蹲运动时，L-V 关系变量可以获得高度可靠性（，，和）和有效性（和）。
临床相关性
负载-速度关系建模代表了一种快速简单的程序，可以估计下肢肌肉的最大神经肌肉能力。
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