College of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, China.
College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2023 Oct;25(6):994-1008. doi: 10.1111/plb.13554. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Soil acidification is common in some Chinese tea plantations, which seriously affected growth of tea trees. Hence, it is essential to explore soil remediation in acidified tea plantations for sustainable development of the tea industry. We sought to determine how different fertilizers affect acidified soil and their N transformation in tea plantations. Different fertilizers were used on acidified tea plantation soils for 4 years (2017-2021), and changes in soil pH, indices related to soil N transformation and tea yield were analysed to construct interaction networks of these indices and find which had the largest influence on fertilization. Long-term use of sheep manure reduced soil acidification, increased soil pH, enhanced the number and intensity of N-fixing and ammonifying bacteria, urease, protease, asparaginase and N-acetamide glucose ribosidase activity and nifH gene expression. This treatment reduced the number and intensity of soil nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activity, while the expression of amoA-AOA, nirK, nirS, narG and nosZ in turn increased ammonium N content of the soil, reduced nitrate N content, and enhanced tea yield. Topsis index weight analysis showed that ammonium N content in the soil had the largest impact among fertilization effects. Long-term use of sheep manure was beneficial in restoring the balance of the micro-ecosystem in acidified soil. This study provides an important practical basis for soil remediation and fertilizer management in acidified tea plantation soils.
土壤酸化在中国一些茶园中很常见，严重影响了茶树的生长。因此，探索酸化茶园的土壤修复对于茶叶产业的可持续发展至关重要。我们旨在确定不同肥料如何影响茶园酸化土壤及其氮转化。在酸化茶园土壤上使用不同肥料进行了 4 年（2017-2021 年），分析了土壤 pH 值、与土壤氮转化相关的指标和茶叶产量的变化，构建了这些指标的相互作用网络，并找出对施肥影响最大的因素。长期施用羊粪可减少土壤酸化，提高土壤 pH 值，增强固氮和氨化细菌、脲酶、蛋白酶、天冬酰胺酶和 N-乙酰葡萄糖苷核糖酶活性以及 nifH 基因表达。这种处理减少了土壤硝化和反硝化细菌、硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性的数量和强度，而 amoA-AOA、nirK、nirS、narG 和 nosZ 的表达则增加了土壤中的铵态氮含量，降低了硝态氮含量，提高了茶叶产量。Topsis 指数权重分析表明，土壤中铵态氮含量是施肥效果中影响最大的因素。长期施用羊粪有利于恢复酸化土壤微生态系统的平衡。本研究为酸化茶园土壤的土壤修复和肥料管理提供了重要的实践依据。
