Hajiasgharzadeh Khalil, Naghipour Bahman, Shahabi Parviz, Dastmalchi Narges, Alipour Mohammad Reza
Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
EXCLI J. 2023 May 19;22:433-450. doi: 10.17179/excli2023-6096. eCollection 2023.
Cigarette smoking is a harmful habit that is widespread around the world. It is among the well-known lifestyle-related risk factors for many diseases. Nicotine, as its principal constituent, has various detrimental, and beneficial functions. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are present in nearly all body cells, are how nicotine works. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that nicotine causes abnormal microRNA expression (miRNAs). These short sequences of RNAs are known to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. A wide range of miRNAs are modulated by nicotine, and nicotine-induced miRNA changes could subsequently mediate nicotine's effect on gene expression regulation. We will focus on the reciprocal interaction between nAChRs and miRNAs and describe the essential targets of these dysregulated miRNAs after nicotine exposure and activation of nAChRs. It appears that crucial subcellular mechanisms implicated in nicotine's effects are miRNA-related pathways. It is crucial to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of nicotine as well as the dysregulation of miRNA following nAChR activation. The finding about epigenetic mechanisms of nicotine-induced effects may shed light on the establishment of new treatment strategies to prevent the harmful effects of nicotine and perhaps may augment the beneficial effects in diverse smoking-related diseases.
吸烟是一种在全球广泛存在的有害习惯。它是许多疾病中与生活方式相关的著名风险因素之一。尼古丁作为其主要成分，具有多种有害和有益的功能。几乎存在于所有身体细胞中的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体（nAChRs）是尼古丁发挥作用的方式。大量研究表明，尼古丁会导致微小RNA（miRNAs）表达异常。这些短RNA序列已知可在转录后调节基因表达。多种miRNAs受到尼古丁的调节，尼古丁诱导的miRNA变化随后可能介导尼古丁对基因表达调控的作用。我们将聚焦于nAChRs与miRNAs之间的相互作用，并描述尼古丁暴露和nAChRs激活后这些失调miRNAs的重要靶标。似乎与尼古丁作用相关的关键亚细胞机制是与miRNA相关的途径。研究尼古丁作用的分子机制以及nAChR激活后miRNA的失调至关重要。关于尼古丁诱导作用的表观遗传机制的发现可能有助于建立新的治疗策略，以预防尼古丁的有害影响，并且可能增强在各种吸烟相关疾病中的有益作用。
