Chen Xu, Liu Meilin, Min Fanli, Tong Jiao, Liu Yuan, Meng Qian, Zhang Teng
Department of Obstetrics, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 6;14:1181132. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181132. eCollection 2023.
Depression commonly occurs during pregnancy and has become a major public health concern. Depression not only affects the individual but also causes adverse consequences for families and children. However, little is known regarding the depression status and its influencing factors in women during late pregnancy in China. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of maternal depressive symptoms in late pregnancy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and further explore the effect of biological, psychological, and social factors on depressive symptoms.
An institution-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among eligible women in the late pregnancy stage and underwent prenatal examination at Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China from December 2022 to February 2023. Data regarding depressive symptoms and biological, psychological, and social factors of the pregnant women were collected via a structured questionnaire. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact tests, and binary logistics regression were used to analyze the data.
In total, 535 women in the late pregnancy stage were included in this study, 75 (14.0%) of whom exhibited depressive symptoms. A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that pregnant women who were multiparous (: 2.420, 95% : 1.188-4.932) and had moderate or severe insomnia symptoms (: 4.641, 95% : 1.787-12.057), anxiety (: 8.879, 95% : 4.387-17.971), high fear of COVID-19 (: 2.555, 95% : 1.255-5.199), moderate or severe family dysfunction (: 2.256, 95% : 1.141-4.461), and poor social support (: 2.580, 95% : 1.050-6.337) tended to show depressive symptoms. Conversely, pregnant women who received regular prenatal care (: 0.481, 95% : 0.243-0.951) and had good drinking water quality at home (: 0.493, 95% : 0.247-0.984) were more likely to avoid developing depressive symptoms.
This study found that the prevalence of maternal depressive symptoms during late pregnancy was high and had multiple influencing factors. Thus, screening for depressive symptoms in women in the late pregnancy stage and providing special intervention programs are necessary, especially for those with risk factors.
抑郁症在孕期较为常见，已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。抑郁症不仅影响个人，还会给家庭和孩子带来不良后果。然而，在中国，关于孕晚期女性的抑郁状况及其影响因素知之甚少。本研究旨在评估2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间孕晚期孕妇抑郁症状的患病率，并进一步探讨生物、心理和社会因素对抑郁症状的影响。
2022年12月至2023年2月，在江苏省连云港市妇幼保健院对符合条件的孕晚期女性进行了一项基于机构的横断面调查，这些女性均接受了产前检查。通过结构化问卷收集孕妇的抑郁症状以及生物、心理和社会因素的数据。采用卡方检验、Fisher精确检验和二元逻辑回归分析数据。
本研究共纳入535名孕晚期女性，其中75名（14.0%）表现出抑郁症状。二元逻辑回归分析显示，多胎孕妇（比值比：2.420，95%置信区间：1.188 - 4.932）、有中度或重度失眠症状的孕妇（比值比：4.641，95%置信区间：1.787 - 12.057）、焦虑的孕妇（比值比：8.879，95%置信区间：4.387 - 17.971）、对COVID-19高度恐惧的孕妇（比值比：2.555，95%置信区间：1.255 - 5.199）、有中度或重度家庭功能障碍的孕妇（比值比：2.256，95%置信区间：1.141 - 4.461）以及社会支持较差的孕妇（比值比：2.580，95%置信区间：1.050 - 6.337）更容易出现抑郁症状。相反，接受定期产前检查的孕妇（比值比：0.481，95%置信区间：0.243 - 0.951）和家中饮用水质量良好的孕妇（比值比：0.493，95%置信区间：0.247 - 0.984）更不容易出现抑郁症状。
本研究发现孕晚期孕妇抑郁症状的患病率较高且有多种影响因素。因此，对孕晚期女性进行抑郁症状筛查并提供特殊干预项目是必要的，尤其是对于那些有危险因素的女性。
