Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea.
College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Sep 8;22(1):694. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-05024-z.
Sleep disturbance in pregnant women needs to be accurately assessed in a timely manner during pregnancy, to receive assessment-driven accurate intervention. This study aims to compare the factor structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among women in mid- and late pregnancy and evaluate the psychometric features of the Korean version of the PSQI.
The survey questionnaire with the PSQI, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, and pregnancy stress, was completed by 281 women in mid- or late pregnancy. Exploratory factor analysis determined the best factor structure of the PSQI, and the Pearson correlation coefficient examined a convergent validity with depressive symptoms and pregnancy stress. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach's alpha.
In both mid- and late-pregnancy women, a two-factor structure model was identified. However, each factor's different components were named differently. For women in mid-pregnancy, it was named "quantitative sleep quality" and "subjective sleep quality," and for those in later stages of pregnancy, they were named "perceived sleep quality" and "daily disturbance." The PQSI score showed a significantly positive correlation between depressive symptoms and pregnancy stress in mid- (r = 0.57 and r = 0.39, respectively), and late pregnancy (r = 0.48 and 0.28, respectively). The overall Cronbach's alpha for the PSQI was 0.63.
The Korean version of the PSQI demonstrated excellent construct and convergent validity, making it suitable to assess the sleep quality of women in middle to late stages of their pregnancy. The PSQI was found to have a two-factor structure in the mid-and late pregnancy, but the components were different. As sleep quality changes with each gestational stage, factors affecting it during mid- and late pregnancy need to be separately examined. It will make it easier for medical professionals to provide pregnant women sleeping irregularly, with the right kind of intervention.
孕妇睡眠障碍需要在孕期及时准确评估，以接受评估驱动的准确干预。本研究旨在比较孕中期和孕晚期孕妇匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）的因子结构，并评价 PSQI 韩文版的心理测量学特征。
281 名孕中期或孕晚期妇女填写了 PSQI、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表和妊娠应激调查问卷。探索性因子分析确定 PSQI 的最佳因子结构，Pearson 相关系数检验与抑郁症状和妊娠应激的聚合效度。采用 Cronbach's alpha 检验内部一致性。
在孕中期和孕晚期妇女中，均确定了两因素结构模型。然而，每个因素的不同组成部分有不同的名称。对于孕中期妇女，它被命名为“睡眠质量的量化”和“主观睡眠质量”，而对于孕晚期妇女，它们被命名为“感知睡眠质量”和“日间干扰”。PSQI 评分在孕中期（r=0.57 和 r=0.39）和孕晚期（r=0.48 和 r=0.28）时，与抑郁症状和妊娠应激呈显著正相关。PSQI 的总体 Cronbach's alpha 为 0.63。
PSQI 韩文版具有良好的结构和聚合效度，适合评估孕中期和孕晚期妇女的睡眠质量。PSQI 在孕中期和孕晚期均呈两因素结构，但组成部分不同。由于睡眠质量随妊娠阶段而变化，因此需要分别检查孕中期和孕晚期影响睡眠质量的因素。这将使医务人员更容易为睡眠不规律的孕妇提供正确的干预措施。
