Qi Honggang, Xia Dan, Xu Xin
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 6;10:1073373. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1073373. eCollection 2023.
Dietary glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) has been associated with the development of many cancers, but the evidence for renal cancer is still limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between GI or GL and renal cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial.
The cohort for our analysis consisted of 101,190 participants. GI and GL were calculated from the FFQ data using previously published reference values. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression model after adjusting for most known renal cancer risk factors.
During a median of 12.2 years of follow-up, 443 incident renal cancer cases occurred. Higher dietary GI was significantly associated with a higher risk of renal cancer (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.09-1.74; for trend = 0.008). There was no significant association between dietary GL and renal cancer risk (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.79-1.59, for trend = 0.591). Spline regression plot revealed a higher risk of renal cancer with a higher GI but not GL. There was no statistical evidence for nonlinearity ( for nonlinearity >0.05).
In summary, findings of this large-scale prospective cohort study suggested that dietary GI may be associated with the risk of renal cancer. If confirmed in other populations and settings, dietary GI could be considered as a modifiable risk factor for renal cancer prevention.
饮食血糖生成指数（GI）或血糖负荷（GL）与多种癌症的发生有关，但肾癌方面的证据仍然有限。本研究的目的是在前列腺、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌（PLCO）筛查试验中，探讨GI或GL与肾癌风险之间的关联。
我们分析的队列包括101,190名参与者。使用先前公布的参考值，根据食物频率问卷（FFQ）数据计算GI和GL。在对大多数已知的肾癌风险因素进行调整后，使用Cox回归模型估计多变量调整后的风险比（HRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。
在中位12.2年的随访期间，发生了443例肾癌病例。较高的饮食GI与较高的肾癌风险显著相关（HR：1.38；95%CI：1.09 - 1.74；趋势检验P = 0.008）。饮食GL与肾癌风险之间无显著关联（HR = 1.12，95%CI = 0.79 - 1.59，趋势检验P = 0.591）。样条回归图显示，较高的GI会导致较高的肾癌风险，但GL并非如此。没有统计学证据表明存在非线性关系（非线性检验P>0.05）。
总之，这项大规模前瞻性队列研究的结果表明，饮食GI可能与肾癌风险有关。如果在其他人群和环境中得到证实，饮食GI可被视为预防肾癌的一个可改变的风险因素。
