Duah John Kwame, Dotun-Olujinmi Oluwatosin, Johnson James A, Greenhill Richard G
Auburn University, Alabama, USA.
IDEY Public Health Consulting INC, Canada.
J Public Health Afr. 2023 Apr 19;14(4):2264. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2264. eCollection 2023 Apr 30.
The influx of people across the national borders of Ghana has been of interest and concern in the public health and national security community in recent times due to the low capacity for the prevention and management of epidemics and other public health risks. Although the international health regulations (IHR) stipulate core public health capacities for designated border facilities such as international airports, seaports, and ground crossings, contextual factors that influence the attainment of effective public health measures and response capabilities remain understudied.
This study aims to assess the relationship between contextual factors and COVID-19 procurement to help strengthen infrastructure resources for points of entry (PoE) public health surveillance functions, thereby eliminating gaps in the design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of pandemic-related interventions in Ghana.
This study employed a mixed-methods design, where quantitative variables were examined for relationships and effect size interactions using multiple linear regression techniques and the wild bootstrap technique. Country-level data was sourced from multiple publicly available sources using the social-ecological framework, logic model, and IHR capacity monitoring framework. The qualitative portion included triangulation with an expert panel to determine areas of convergence and divergence.
The most general findings were that laboratory capacity and Kotoka International Airport testing center positively predicted COVID-19 procurement, and public health response and airline boarding rule negatively predicted COVID-19 procurement.
Contextual understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic and Ebola epidemic is vital for strengthening PoE mitigation measures and preventing disease importation.
近年来，由于加纳预防和管理流行病及其他公共卫生风险的能力较低，跨越加纳国界的人员流入一直是公共卫生和国家安全领域关注的焦点。尽管《国际卫生条例》规定了国际机场、海港和陆路口岸等指定边境设施的核心公共卫生能力，但影响有效公共卫生措施和应对能力实现的背景因素仍未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在评估背景因素与新冠疫情采购之间的关系，以帮助加强入境点公共卫生监测功能的基础设施资源，从而消除加纳与大流行相关干预措施在设计、实施、监测和评估方面的差距。
本研究采用混合方法设计，使用多元线性回归技术和野生自助法对定量变量进行关系和效应大小交互检验。利用社会生态框架、逻辑模型和《国际卫生条例》能力监测框架，从多个公开可用来源获取国家层面的数据。定性部分包括与专家小组进行三角验证，以确定趋同和分歧领域。
最普遍的发现是，实验室能力和科托卡国际机场检测中心对新冠疫情采购有正向预测作用，而公共卫生应对措施和航空公司登机规定对新冠疫情采购有负向预测作用。
对新冠疫情和埃博拉疫情的背景理解对于加强入境点缓解措施和预防疾病输入至关重要。
