Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;29(7):1349-1356. doi: 10.3201/eid2907.230117.
The effect of norovirus dose on outcomes such as virus shedding and symptoms after initial infection is not well understood. We performed a secondary analysis of a human challenge study by using Bayesian mixed-effects models. As the dose increased from 4.8 to 4,800 reverse transcription PCR units, the total amount of shed virus in feces increased from 4.5 × 10 to 3.4 × 10 genomic equivalent copies; in vomit, virus increased from 6.4 × 10 to 3.0 × 10 genomic equivalent copies. Onset time of viral shedding in feces decreased from 1.4 to 0.8 days, and time of peak viral shedding decreased from 2.3 to 1.5 days. Time to symptom onset decreased from 1.5 to 0.8 days. One type of symptom score increased. An increase in norovirus dose was associated with more rapid shedding and symptom onset and possibly increased severity. However, the effect on virus load and shedding was inconclusive.
诺如病毒剂量对初次感染后病毒脱落和症状等结果的影响尚不清楚。我们使用贝叶斯混合效应模型对一项人体挑战研究进行了二次分析。随着剂量从 4.8 到 4800 个逆转录 PCR 单位增加，粪便中脱落病毒的总量从 4.5×10 增加到 3.4×10 基因组当量拷贝；呕吐物中的病毒从 6.4×10 增加到 3.0×10 基因组当量拷贝。粪便中病毒脱落的发病时间从 1.4 天减少到 0.8 天，病毒峰值脱落时间从 2.3 天减少到 1.5 天。症状出现的时间从 1.5 天减少到 0.8 天。一种症状评分增加。诺如病毒剂量的增加与更快速的脱落和症状出现以及可能增加的严重程度有关。然而，对病毒载量和脱落的影响尚无定论。
