Schulz P M, Schulz S C, Goldberg S C, Ettigi P, Resnick R J, Friedel R O
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1986 Aug;174(8):457-63. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198608000-00003.
Relatives of 22 schizotypal probands were evaluated for lifetime psychiatric diagnoses. Forty-four (N = 44) of the 97 available relatives were interviewed directly using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. The rates of psychiatric diagnoses were compared with those of sixty-six (N = 66) of 140 relatives of 30 depressed patients. Family history of mental illness was ascertained by the informant method on the remainder of relatives of both proband groups. The rate of depression found in the relatives of schizotypal patients was 52% in those directly interviewed and 25.7% when informants' reports on unavailable relatives are pooled with direct interview data. These rates were not significantly higher than those found for the relatives of depressed probands (34.8% by direct interview and 21% including reports from informants). The high rates of depression in the relatives of schizotypal probands may indicate that schizotypal personality is associated with affective disorder and not only with schizophrenia. However, the high rates may be due to the presence of depressive character traits in relatives, which inflate the rates of dysthymic disorder and other chronic depressive disorders in the relatives of borderline patients.
对22名分裂型先证者的亲属进行了终生精神疾病诊断评估。在97名可获取的亲属中，44名（N = 44）亲属直接接受了使用《诊断访谈表》的访谈。将精神疾病诊断率与30名抑郁症患者的140名亲属中的66名（N = 66）亲属的诊断率进行了比较。通过告知者法确定了两个先证者组其余亲属的精神疾病家族史。分裂型患者亲属中，直接接受访谈者的抑郁症发病率为52%，将无法接受访谈亲属的告知者报告与直接访谈数据汇总后，发病率为25.7%。这些发病率并不显著高于抑郁症先证者亲属的发病率（直接访谈为34.8%，包括告知者报告则为21%）。分裂型先证者亲属中抑郁症的高发病率可能表明，分裂型人格不仅与精神分裂症有关，还与情感障碍有关。然而，高发病率可能是由于亲属中存在抑郁性格特征，这使得边缘性患者亲属中恶劣心境障碍和其他慢性抑郁症的发病率虚高。
