College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Jul 5;71(26):10075-10086. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02179. Epub 2023 Jun 22.
Millet and its components have received much extensive attention for their health benefits in mitigating metabolic diseases. Foxtail millet is rich in phytochemicals, including oil. However, the hypoglycemic capacity of foxtail millet oil has yet to be fully investigated. The present study explored the effects of consuming this oil as the lipid extract of foxtail millet (LEFM) on intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic function in diabetic mice. After eight weeks of LEFM supplementation, the blood glucose, insulin resistance index, and lipid accumulation of diabetic mice were significantly decreased. In addition, LEFM feeding modulated gut microbiota composition, reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (, , and ), induced a bloom of probiotics, especially short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (, , and ), and increased SCFAs concentration. LEFM treatment altered serum metabolite levels, for instance, greatly increasing the levels of l-carnitine and l-glutamine and reducing S-acetyldihydrolipoamide-E and sphingosine. Overall, improvements in gut microbiota and metabolic function were associated with the hypoglycemic potential of LEFM.
小米及其成分因其在缓解代谢疾病方面的健康益处而受到广泛关注。黍米富含植物化学物质，包括油。然而，黍米油的降血糖能力尚未得到充分研究。本研究探讨了食用这种油作为黍米脂类提取物（LEFM）对糖尿病小鼠肠道微生物群组成和代谢功能的影响。在 LEFM 补充八周后，糖尿病小鼠的血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数和脂质积累显著降低。此外，LEFM 喂养可调节肠道微生物群组成，减少有害细菌（、和）的丰度，诱导益生菌的大量繁殖，特别是产生短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的细菌（、和），并增加 SCFA 浓度。LEFM 处理改变了血清代谢物水平，例如，大大增加了 l-肉碱和 l-谷氨酰胺的水平，并降低了 S-乙酰二氢硫辛酸-E 和神经鞘氨醇的水平。总的来说，肠道微生物群和代谢功能的改善与 LEFM 的降血糖潜力有关。
