Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O.Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O.Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Prev Vet Med. 2023 Aug;217:105959. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105959. Epub 2023 Jun 12.
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of cattle with a worldwide distribution. It occurs as a subclinical, mild or severe disease. The clinical signs may vary widely with respiratory, genital, ocular and encephalomyelitis form. This cross-sectional study was carried out between May 2019 and March 2020 with the aim to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) and to identify related potential risk factors in dairy cattle in central and southern Ethiopia. A total of 954 serum samples were obtained from randomly selected dairy cattle in 98 herds. The samples were collected from animals over 6 months old and tested using a BHV-1 antibody blocking enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (b-ELISA). The study showed that the animal- and herd-level seroprevalence of BHV-1 was 30.0 % (95 % CI: 21.7, 39.9) and 75.5 % (95 % CI: 65.9, 83.1), respectively. Multiple logistic regression model demonstrated that adult animals (> 2.5 years) (OR = 2.4, 95 % CI: 1.1, 5.5) had higher seroprevalence of BHV-1 compared to their counterparts (p < 0.05). Cattle in farms using artificial insemination (AI), and both AI and bulls had a 3.9 (95 % CI: 1.2, 13.3) and 5.1 (95 % CI: 1.8, 14.8) odds of being seropositive, respectively, compared to farms using bulls only. Arrangement of animals in a tail-to-tail fashion appeared to be protective against BHV-1 infection (p < 0.05). However, source of the animal was not associated with BHV-1 serostatus (p > 0.05). The animal- and herd-level prevalence recorded in our study confirms that BHV-1 infection is widespread and remains endemic in dairy cattle of central and southern Ethiopia.
牛疱疹病毒 1 型（BHV-1）是一种具有全球分布的重要牛病原体。它以亚临床、轻度或重度疾病形式出现。临床症状可能因呼吸道、生殖道、眼部和脑脊髓炎形式而有很大差异。本横断面研究于 2019 年 5 月至 2020 年 3 月进行，旨在估计牛疱疹病毒 1 型（BHV-1）在埃塞俄比亚中南部奶牛中的血清流行率，并确定相关的潜在危险因素。从 98 个牛群中随机选择的奶牛中采集了 954 份血清样本。这些样本采集自 6 个月以上的动物，并使用 BHV-1 抗体阻断酶联免疫吸附试验（b-ELISA）进行检测。研究表明，BHV-1 的动物和牛群血清流行率分别为 30.0%（95%CI：21.7，39.9）和 75.5%（95%CI：65.9，83.1）。多因素逻辑回归模型表明，与同龄动物相比，成年动物（>2.5 岁）（OR=2.4，95%CI：1.1，5.5）BHV-1 血清阳性率更高（p<0.05）。使用人工授精（AI）和 AI 与公牛的牛群与仅使用公牛的牛群相比，感染 BHV-1 的可能性分别增加了 3.9（95%CI：1.2，13.3）和 5.1（95%CI：1.8，14.8）倍。动物以尾巴对尾巴的方式排列似乎对 BHV-1 感染具有保护作用（p<0.05）。然而，动物来源与 BHV-1 血清阳性状态无关（p>0.05）。本研究中记录的动物和牛群流行率证实，BHV-1 感染在埃塞俄比亚中南部的奶牛中广泛存在且呈地方性流行。
