Asmare Kassahun, Sibhat Berhanu, Ayelet Gelagay, Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu, Lidete Kassaye Aragaw, Skjerve Eystien
School of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 005, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
Acta Trop. 2018 Feb;178:236-241. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.12.005. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
Reproductive disorders in dairy cattle have been noted to be common in urban and peri-urban dairy production system in Ethiopia. The available reports on the causes of these disorders, however, are not conclusive. A case-control study was designed to investigate the possible association of major reproductive disorders in dairy cattle with exposure status to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). Cows with history of abortion/stillbirth were considered as cases (n=204) while, those cows with no such history were taken as control (n=359). The serological screening tests used for all the three viruses were blocking enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (B-ELISAs). Of the total 563 samples tested 58.4%, 43.8% and 32.9% were positive for SBV, BHV-1 and BVDV, respectively. Significant difference between cases and controls were noted for SBV (p=0.026) and BHV-1 exposures (p<0.001). The difference noted for BVDV serostatus was not significant (p>0.05). The highest proportion (28.9%) of concurrent exposures was noted for BHV-1 and SBV, followed by SBV and BVDV (21.5%) and BHV-1 and BVDV (20.2%). Evidence of exposures to all the three viruses were detected in 14.4% of the animals. However, significant difference between cases (39.7%) and controls (22.9%) among cattle with multiple sero-positivity was noted only for BHV-1 and SBV (p<0.001). Proportion of uterine infection (p=0.002) and fetal membrane retention (p=0.005) increased in BHV-1 seropositive animals, while repeat breeding was common (p=0.034) among BVDV exposed ones. Seropositive animals to any of the three viruses were detected in all sampled areas and the proportion of cattle with BHV-1 and SBV exposure history had a higher risk to at least one type of the reproductive disorders mentioned compared to the corresponding sero-negative groups.
据指出，在埃塞俄比亚城市和城郊奶牛生产系统中，奶牛的生殖障碍很常见。然而，关于这些障碍成因的现有报告尚无定论。一项病例对照研究旨在调查奶牛主要生殖障碍与牛疱疹病毒1型（BHV - 1）、牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）和施马伦贝格病毒（SBV）暴露状况之间可能存在的关联。有流产/死产病史的奶牛被视为病例（n = 204），而无此类病史的奶牛作为对照（n = 359）。用于检测这三种病毒的血清学筛查试验均为阻断酶联免疫吸附测定（B - ELISA）。在总共检测的563份样本中，SBV、BHV - 1和BVDV的阳性率分别为58.4%、43.8%和32.9%。病例组和对照组在SBV（p = 0.026）和BHV - 1暴露（p < 0.001）方面存在显著差异。BVDV血清状态的差异不显著（p > 0.05）。同时暴露比例最高的是BHV - 1和SBV（28.9%），其次是SBV和BVDV（21.5%）以及BHV - 1和BVDV（20.2%）。在14.4%的动物中检测到了对所有三种病毒的暴露证据。然而，在多重血清阳性的奶牛中，病例组（39.7%）和对照组（22.9%）之间仅在BHV - 1和SBV方面存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。BHV - 1血清阳性动物的子宫感染比例（p = 0.002）和胎膜滞留比例（p = 0.005）增加，而在暴露于BVDV的动物中重复配种很常见（p = 0.034）。在所有采样地区均检测到对这三种病毒中任何一种呈血清阳性的动物，与相应的血清阴性组相比，有BHV - 1和SBV暴露史的奶牛患至少一种上述生殖障碍的风险更高。
