爱尔兰共和国奶牛和肉牛群中牛疱疹病毒-1 感染的一些方面。
Aspects of bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in dairy and beef herds in the Republic of Ireland.
机构信息
MSD Animal Health, 4th Floor, Junction House, Airton Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.
出版信息
Acta Vet Scand. 2011 Jun 23;53(1):40. doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-53-40.
BACKGROUND
Infection with bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) causes a wide range of disease manifestations, including respiratory disease and abortion, with world-wide distribution. The primary objective of the present study was to describe aspects of BHV-1 infection and control on Irish farms, including herd-level seroprevalence (based on pooled sera) and vaccine usage.
METHODS
The characteristics of a diagnostic indirect BHV-1 antibody ELISA test when used on serum pools were evaluated using laboratory replicates for use in the seroprevalence study. The output from this indirect ELISA was expressed as a percentage positivity (PP) value. A proposed cut off (PCO) PP was applied in a cross-sectional study of a stratified random sample of 1,175 Irish dairy and beef cattle herds in 2009, using serum pools, to estimate herd seroprevalence. The study was observational, based primarily on the analysis of existing samples, and only aggregated results were reported. For these reasons, ethical approval was not required. Bulk milk samples from a subset of 111 dairy herds were analysed using the same ELISA. Information regarding vaccine usage was determined in a telephone survey.
RESULTS
A PCO PP of 7.88% was determined to give 97.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity relative to the use of the ELISA on individual sera giving maximization of the prevalence independent Youden's index, on receiver operating characteristics analysis of replicate results. The herd-level BHV-1 seroprevalence was 74.9% (95% CI - 69.9%-79.8%), with no significant difference between dairy and beef herds. 95.5% agreement in herd classification was found between bulk milk and serum pools. Only 1.8 percent of farmers used BHV-1 marker vaccine, 80% of which was live while 75% of vaccinated herds were dairy.A significant association was found between herd size (quartiles) and seroprevalence (quartiles).
CONCLUSIONS
The results from this study indicate BHV-1 infection is endemic, although BHV-1 vaccines are rarely used, in the cattle population in Ireland.
背景
牛疱疹病毒 1 型（BHV-1）感染可引起广泛的疾病表现，包括呼吸道疾病和流产，分布于全球。本研究的主要目的是描述爱尔兰农场的 BHV-1 感染和控制情况，包括基于血清混合的群体血清阳性率（seroprevalence）和疫苗使用情况。
方法
使用实验室重复检测评估间接 BHV-1 抗体 ELISA 检测用于血清混合时的特点，用于血清阳性率研究。间接 ELISA 的输出结果以阳性率（PP）值表示。在 2009 年，使用血清混合对爱尔兰乳牛和肉牛的 1,175 个随机分层农场进行横断面研究，应用一个建议的截断值（PCO）PP 估计群体血清阳性率。该研究是基于对现有样本的分析的观察性研究，仅报告汇总结果。因此，不需要伦理批准。对 111 个乳牛场的部分奶样使用相同的 ELISA 进行分析。使用电话调查确定疫苗使用情况的信息。
结果
在对重复结果的接收器操作特性分析中，使用 ELISA 检测个体血清时，使用相对最大化独立患病率的 Youden 指数的 7.88%的截断值（PCO）PP 可获得 97.1%的敏感性和 100%的特异性。牛群 BHV-1 血清阳性率为 74.9%（95%置信区间：69.9%-79.8%），乳牛和肉牛之间无显著差异。在群体分类中，牛奶和血清混合之间发现 95.5%的一致性。只有 1.8%的农民使用 BHV-1 标记疫苗，其中 80%为活疫苗，而 75%接种疫苗的牛群为乳牛。在牛群大小（四分位数）和血清阳性率（四分位数）之间发现了显著的相关性。
结论
本研究结果表明，BHV-1 感染在爱尔兰的牛群中普遍存在，尽管很少使用 BHV-1 疫苗。
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