Behboudi Hassan, Rajavi Zhale, Sabbaghi Hamideh, Katibeh Marzieh, Kheiri Bahareh, Yaseri Mehdi, Moradian Siamak, Alizadeh Yousef, Ahmadieh Hamid, Pakbin Mojgan, Bouyeh Aria, Moradi Amir
Department of Ophthalmology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Centre, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2024 Mar;34(2):449-460. doi: 10.1177/11206721231184544. Epub 2023 Jun 22.
To describe the prevalence of refractive error (RE) and its association with other environmental and health factors among population aged ≥50 years who lived in Gilan, Iran in 2014.
In this population-based cross-sectional study, 3281 individuals aged ≥50 years living in Gilan for at least 6 months were enrolled. The prevalence of different types of REs including myopia (spherical equivalent (SE)≤-0.50D), high myopia (SE ≤ -6.00D), hyperopia (SE≥ + 0.50D), high hyperopia (SE≥ + 3.00D), astigmatism (cylinder < -0.50D) and high astigmatism (cylinder < -2.25D) were determined. Anisometropia was defined as the SE difference of ≥1.00D between the two eyes. Associated factors including age, body mass index (BMI) and education were also studied.
2587 eligible individuals (58% female subjects) with the mean age of 62.6 ± 8.8 years participated (87.6% response rate). The prevalence of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism was 19.2%, 48.6% and 57.4%, respectively. 3.6% high hyperopia, 0.5% high myopia and 4.5% high astigmatism were identified. The positive simultaneous effects3 of older age (Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.14), nuclear (OR = 1.71) and posterior subcapsular (OR = 1.61) cataracts as well as the negative effects of higher levels of education (OR = 0.28) were obtained on myopia. Higher BMI was found as a risk factor for hyperopia (OR = 1.67), while older patients were less likely to be hyperopic (OR = 0.31).
Higher incidence of myopia and astigmatism was found in patients aged over 70 years. It was also found that patients at older ages who suffered with cataracts were at a higher risk of myopia, while elderly people with greater BMI were at a higher risk of hyperopia.
描述2014年居住在伊朗吉兰省年龄≥50岁人群中屈光不正（RE）的患病率及其与其他环境和健康因素的关联。
在这项基于人群的横断面研究中，纳入了3281名年龄≥50岁且在吉兰居住至少6个月的个体。确定了不同类型屈光不正的患病率，包括近视（球镜等效度数（SE）≤ -0.50D）、高度近视（SE ≤ -6.00D）、远视（SE ≥ +0.50D）、高度远视（SE ≥ +3.00D）、散光（柱镜 < -0.50D）和高度散光（柱镜 < -2.25D）。双眼屈光参差定义为两眼之间SE差值≥1.00D。还研究了相关因素包括年龄、体重指数（BMI）和教育程度。
2587名符合条件的个体（58%为女性受试者）参与研究，平均年龄为62.6 ± 8.8岁（应答率为87.6%）。近视、远视和散光的患病率分别为19.2%、48.6%和57.4%。发现高度远视患病率为3.6%，高度近视为0.5%，高度散光为4.5%。年龄较大（优势比（OR） = 3.14）、核性（OR = 1.71）和后囊下（OR = 1.61）白内障对近视有正向同时效应，而较高教育水平有负向效应（OR = 0.28）。发现较高BMI是远视的危险因素（OR = 1.67），而老年患者患远视的可能性较小（OR = 0.31）。
70岁以上患者中近视和散光的发病率较高。还发现患有白内障的老年患者近视风险较高，而BMI较高的老年人远视风险较高。
