China Center for Special Economic Zone Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 23;18(6):e0287543. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287543. eCollection 2023.
The majority of countries struggle to accomplish sustainable development and environmental sustainability; nevertheless, environmental degradation issues can be resolved by enhancing technological innovations and institutional effectiveness. This study assesses the impact of technological innovations and institutional quality on carbon dioxide emission in the Belt and road initiative countries for the time period of 2002 to 2019. Fixed effect, OLS, and generalized method of moment estimators were applied to the panel data for analysis. The results shows that energy from fossil fuels, economic growth and technological innovations increase environmental degradation by rising carbon dioxide emission. Renewable energy consumption, the rule of law, and the quality of institutions make a significant contribution to the improvement of environmental quality. In particular, the Environmental Kuznets Curve and Innovation Claudia curve is valid in the Belt and Road Initiative countries. In the presence of quality institutions, countries can achieve sustainable growth and environmental sustainability by expanding their use of green technology and renewable energy. The findings provide suggestions to the sample countries on the improvement of institutional framework and technological innovations in order to achieve sustainable development.
大多数国家在实现可持续发展和环境可持续性方面都面临困难；然而，通过加强技术创新和制度有效性，可以解决环境退化问题。本研究评估了技术创新和制度质量对 2002 年至 2019 年期间“一带一路”倡议国家二氧化碳排放的影响。面板数据采用固定效应、OLS 和广义矩估计方法进行分析。结果表明，化石燃料能源、经济增长和技术创新通过增加二氧化碳排放加剧了环境恶化。可再生能源消费、法治和制度质量对改善环境质量做出了重大贡献。特别是，在“一带一路”倡议国家中存在环境库兹涅茨曲线和创新克劳迪亚曲线。在制度质量良好的情况下，各国可以通过扩大绿色技术和可再生能源的使用来实现可持续增长和环境可持续性。研究结果为样本国家提供了关于改善制度框架和技术创新以实现可持续发展的建议。
