Division of Neuroscience and Basic Behavioral Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Division of Translational Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda,MD, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2023 Jul-Dec;18(8):835-850. doi: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2224555. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
Psychiatric disorders are a leading cause of disability worldwide, calling for an urgent need for new treatments, early detection, early intervention, and precision medicine. Drug discovery and development in psychiatry continues to expand in new and exciting areas, with several new medications approved for psychiatric indications by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the last 5 years.
In this review, the authors summarize recent new drug approvals and new molecular mechanisms in Phase 1-3 clinical development for psychiatric disorders. Advances in human genetics-driven target identification, emergent technologies such as artificial intelligence-enabled drug discovery, digital health technologies, and biomarker tools and strategies for testing novel mechanisms are highlighted.
There continues to be a need for research focused on understanding the natural history, developmental trajectory, and pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders to identify new molecular and circuit-based targets. Looking to the future, a vision of precision psychiatry is emerging, taking advantage of advances in genetics, digital technology, and multimodal biomarkers to accelerate the development of next-generation therapies for individuals living with mental illnesses.
精神障碍是全球范围内导致残疾的主要原因，因此迫切需要新的治疗方法、早期发现、早期干预和精准医疗。在过去的 5 年里，美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 批准了几种用于精神科适应证的新型药物，精神科的药物发现和开发继续在新的令人兴奋的领域扩展。
在这篇综述中，作者总结了最近在精神障碍的 1 期至 3 期临床开发中获得批准的新药和新的分子机制。重点介绍了人类遗传学驱动的靶点识别方面的进展、人工智能驱动的药物发现等新兴技术、数字健康技术以及用于测试新型机制的生物标志物工具和策略。
仍然需要专注于了解精神障碍的自然史、发展轨迹和病理生理学的研究，以确定新的分子和基于电路的靶点。展望未来，精准精神病学的愿景正在浮现，利用遗传学、数字技术和多模态生物标志物的进步，为患有精神疾病的个体加速开发下一代治疗方法。
