Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentations et Analyses Numériques de l'Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (LOCEAN-IPSL), CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France; email:
Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway.
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2024 Jan 17;16:191-215. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-020723-020531. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
Fine-scale currents, (1-100 km, days-months), are actively involved in the transport and transformation of biogeochemical tracers in the ocean. However, their overall impact on large-scale biogeochemical cycling on the timescale of years remains poorly understood due to the multiscale nature of the problem. Here, we summarize these impacts and critically review current estimates. We examine how eddy fluxes and upscale connections enter into the large-scale balance of biogeochemical tracers. We show that the overall contribution of eddy fluxes to primary production and carbon export may not be as large as it is for oxygen ventilation. We highlight the importance of fine scales to low-frequency natural variability through upscale connections and show that they may also buffer the negative effects of climate change on the functioning of biogeochemical cycles. Significant interdisciplinary efforts are needed to properly account for the cross-scale effects of fine scales on biogeochemical cycles in climate projections.
细尺度流（1-100 公里，数天到数月）积极参与海洋生物地球化学示踪剂的输运和转化。然而，由于问题的多尺度性质，它们对多年时间尺度上大尺度生物地球化学循环的总体影响仍了解甚少。在这里，我们总结了这些影响，并批判性地回顾了当前的估计。我们研究了涡流通量和上尺度连接如何进入生物地球化学示踪剂的大尺度平衡。我们表明，与氧气通风相比，涡流通量对初级生产力和碳输出的总体贡献可能并不那么大。我们强调了通过上尺度连接，细尺度对低频自然变率的重要性，并表明它们也可能缓冲气候变化对生物地球化学循环功能的负面影响。需要进行重大的跨学科努力，以便在气候预测中正确考虑细尺度对生物地球化学循环的跨尺度影响。
