Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine; Corresponding Author.
Professor, Department of Endocrinology.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2023 Jun;71(6):11-12. doi: 10.5005/japi-11001-0270.
This study assessed the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its relationship with the presence and severity of diabetic neuropathy.
Patients between the ages of 30 and 60 years (both ages inclusive) with T2DM were recruited and divided into three groups. Group I included patients without neuropathy. Group II had patients with mild neuropathy. Group III had patients with moderate and severe neuropathy. After informed consent hearing threshold was assessed using pure tone audiometry (PTA).
Of the 200 patients recruited, the prevalence of HL was overall 81%. The prevalence was 66.7% in group I, 80.9% in group II, and 87.6% in group III (p = 0.009). Among patients with moderate to severe neuropathy (group III), 33.3% had clinically significant HL (CSHL) (p = 0.015). Age, gender, presence of neuropathy, and severity of neuropathy were associated with an increased risk of developing HL.
Among patients with diabetes, age, nephropathy, and neuropathy were associated with HL. The severity of HL worsened with the worsening severity of neuropathy and increase in glycated hemoglobin (Hba1c) levels. Patients with moderate to severe neuropathy might benefit from screening for HL.
本研究评估了 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的听力损失（HL）患病率及其与糖尿病神经病变的存在和严重程度的关系。
招募了年龄在 30 至 60 岁（含两个年龄段）之间的 T2DM 患者，并将其分为三组。第 I 组无神经病变患者，第 II 组为轻度神经病变患者，第 III 组为中重度神经病变患者。在获得知情同意后，使用纯音测听（PTA）评估听力阈值。
在 200 名被招募的患者中，HL 的总体患病率为 81%。第 I 组的患病率为 66.7%，第 II 组为 80.9%，第 III 组为 87.6%（p=0.009）。在中重度神经病变患者（第 III 组）中，33.3%存在临床显著的 HL（CSHL）（p=0.015）。年龄、性别、神经病变的存在和严重程度与 HL 的发病风险增加相关。
在糖尿病患者中，年龄、肾病和神经病变与 HL 相关。HL 的严重程度随神经病变严重程度的恶化和糖化血红蛋白（Hba1c）水平的升高而加重。中重度神经病变的患者可能受益于 HL 的筛查。
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