2022年埃塞俄比亚西北部阿姆哈拉地区2型糖尿病患者感音神经性听力损失的患病率及相关因素：一项多中心横断面研究

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sensorineural Hearing Impairment Among Patients with T2DM in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: A Multi-Centered Cross-Sectional Study.

作者信息

Esubalew Dereje, Melese Mihret, Belete Melese, Ambelu Adugnaw, Mulat Bezawit, Adane Tadegew, Wondie Wubet Tazeb, Diress Mengistie

机构信息

Department of Human Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.

Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024 Apr 20;17:1821-1832. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S455164. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.2147/DMSO.S455164

PMID:38660464

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11041992/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Generally, people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in various countries experience a significant rate of sensorineural hearing impairment. Nonetheless, there is scant evidence of sensorineural hearing impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Northwest Ethiopian. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence rate and contributing factors of sensorineural hearing impairment in type 2 diabetics at comprehensive and specialized referral hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.

METHODS

A facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out from May 3, 2022, to June 14, 2022, on 846 study participants in Ethiopia, with a response rate of 99.65%. The research subjects were chosen by simple random sampling techniques. Data was gathered by using audiometric measurements and structured interview-administered questionnaires and then entered into EPI data version 4.6. Finally, it was exported to STATA 14 for analysis. Binary logistic regression, chi-square test, and odds ratio were done to verify the assumptions and degree of association. Ultimately, factors exhibiting a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% CI were regarded as significant predictors of hearing impairment.

RESULTS

The magnitude of sensorineural hearing impairment in this investigation was 50.49% (95% CI: 45.67%, 55.26%). Factors significantly associated with sensorineural hearing impairment were age (AOR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.14), hyperlipidemia (AOR=2.86, 95% CI: 1.05, 7.82), duration of diabetes (AOR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.26, 4.06), hypertension (AOR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.69) and regular physical exercise (AOR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.68).

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this study, relatively high rates of sensorineural hearing impairment were observed. Stakeholders should establish routine hearing screening, and participants will advise to incorporate regular physical exercise into their routines.

摘要

背景

一般来说，各国的2型糖尿病患者中感音神经性听力损失发生率较高。然而，在埃塞俄比亚西北部，几乎没有证据表明2型糖尿病患者存在感音神经性听力损失。因此，本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚西北部综合医院和专科医院中2型糖尿病患者感音神经性听力损失的发生率及其影响因素。

方法

2022年5月3日至2022年6月14日，在埃塞俄比亚对846名研究参与者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究设计，应答率为99.65%。研究对象采用简单随机抽样技术选取。通过听力测量和结构化访谈问卷收集数据，然后录入EPI数据4.6版本。最后，将其导出到STATA 14进行分析。采用二元逻辑回归、卡方检验和比值比来验证假设和关联程度。最终，p值<0.05且95%置信区间的因素被视为听力损失的显著预测因素。

结果

本研究中感音神经性听力损失的发生率为50.49%（95%置信区间：45.67%，55.26%）。与感音神经性听力损失显著相关的因素包括年龄（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.10，95%置信区间：1.07，1.14）、高脂血症（AOR=2.86，95%置信区间：1.05，7.82）、糖尿病病程（AOR=2.26, 95%置信区间：1.26，4.06）、高血压（AOR=1.94，95%置信区间：1.02，3.69）和定期体育锻炼（AOR=0.25，95%置信区间：0.09，0.68）。