Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China.
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Oct;338:139320. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139320. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is a widely used active ingredient in insect repellents, and its effects on human health have been a matter of debate. This study aims to investigate the relationship between DEET exposure and hyperuricemia in the adult population.
Our study utilized a cross-sectional design and analyzed data from adult participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2016. 3-diethyl-carbamoyl benzoic acid (DCBA) was used as a specific indicator of DEET exposure. DCBA was categorized using quartiles based on its distribution within the study population. Multiple linear regression models were employed to examine the association between DCBA exposure and serum uric acid (SUA) levels in adults. The relationship between DCBA and the prevalence of hyperuricemia in adults was assessed using multiple logistic regression models. Dose-response relationships were analyzed using restricted cubic spline regression.
A total of 8708 participants were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 46.49 years, and the total number of male participants was 50.93%. The median levels of DCBA and SUA were 2.07 ng/mL and 5.40 mg/dL, respectively. Hyperuricemia was found in 19.99% of the participants. In multivariate-adjusted linear regression models, it was found that higher SUA levels were associated with the highest quartile of DCBA compared with the lowest quartile of DCBA (β [95% CI]: 0.19 [0.08, 0.30], P<0.001). After adjusting for confounders, a positive association was found between the prevalence of hyperuricemia and DCBA levels (OR [95% CI] : 1.41 [1.14-1.74], P<0.001). Furthermore, linear associations were observed between DCBA concentrations and SUA levels (P for nonlinearity = 0.479) and the prevalence of hyperuricemia (P for nonlinearity = 0.755).
Higher DCBA concentrations were found to have a positive association with the prevalence of hyperuricemia in the general adult population.
N,N-二乙基间甲苯酰胺（DEET）是一种广泛应用于驱虫剂的活性成分，其对人类健康的影响一直存在争议。本研究旨在探讨 DEET 暴露与成年人高尿酸血症之间的关系。
我们的研究采用了横断面设计，并分析了 2007 年至 2016 年期间进行的国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中成年参与者的数据。3-二乙基氨基甲酰苯甲酸（DCBA）被用作 DEET 暴露的特定指标。根据研究人群中 DCBA 的分布，将 DCBA 分为四组。采用多元线性回归模型研究 DCBA 暴露与成年人血清尿酸（SUA）水平之间的关系。采用多元逻辑回归模型评估 DCBA 与成年人高尿酸血症患病率之间的关系。采用限制立方样条回归分析剂量-反应关系。
共有 8708 名参与者纳入研究。参与者的平均年龄为 46.49 岁，男性参与者总数为 50.93%。DCBA 和 SUA 的中位数水平分别为 2.07ng/mL 和 5.40mg/dL。参与者中高尿酸血症的患病率为 19.99%。在多元调整线性回归模型中，与 DCBA 最低四分位数相比，DCBA 最高四分位数与较高的 SUA 水平相关（β[95%CI]：0.19[0.08，0.30]，P<0.001）。在调整混杂因素后，高尿酸血症的患病率与 DCBA 水平呈正相关（OR[95%CI]：1.41[1.14-1.74]，P<0.001）。此外，还观察到 DCBA 浓度与 SUA 水平之间存在线性关系（非线性 P 值=0.479）和高尿酸血症的患病率（非线性 P 值=0.755）。
在一般成年人群中，较高的 DCBA 浓度与高尿酸血症的患病率呈正相关。
