Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Sep 15;333:122099. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122099. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
This research explores the influence of renewable fuels, including three kinds of biodiesel along with ethanol on the physical properties and structural characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emitted from a diesel engine in comparison with pure diesel. After adding 10 vol% of grape seed biodiesel, coffee biodiesel and eucalyptus oil into diesel, three biodiesel blended fuels (10% grape seed biodiesel (DGs10), 10% spent coffee ground biodiesel (DC10) and eucalyptus oil biodiesel (DEu10)) were produced and tested in this study. Besides, one ethanol blend containing 9 vol% of ethanol and 1 vol% of biodiesel (blend stabilizer) was also tested to do the comparison. In the present study, scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed for analyzing the microstructure, nanostructure and electron diffraction pattern of PM. Raman spectrometer (RS) was also used for the analysis of structural characterization of PM. In addition, several experimental instruments like microbalance, measuring cup, viscometer, oxygen bomb calorimeter and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) were employed to detect the fuel properties, including density, heating value, viscosity, composition and cetane number. A conclusion can be drawn that both biodiesel blends and ethanol blend have a changing effect on the PM properties compared to pure diesel, where biodiesel blends have a slightly weaker influence than ethanol blend. Regarding the biodiesel blends, DGs10 has more impact than DC10 and DEu10 in changes of PM properties, particularly in the reduction of PM mass, making it a good candidate for renewable fuel for diesel engines.
这项研究探讨了可再生燃料（包括三种生物柴油和乙醇）对柴油机排放的颗粒物（PM）物理性质和结构特性的影响，与纯柴油相比。在柴油中添加 10%的葡萄籽油生物柴油、咖啡渣生物柴油和桉树油后，本研究中制备并测试了三种生物柴油混合燃料（10%葡萄籽油生物柴油（DGs10）、10%废咖啡渣生物柴油（DC10）和桉树油生物柴油（DEu10））。此外，还测试了一种含有 9%乙醇和 1%生物柴油（混合稳定剂）的乙醇混合燃料进行比较。在本研究中，扫描透射电子显微镜（STEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）用于分析 PM 的微观结构、纳米结构和电子衍射图案。拉曼光谱仪（RS）也用于 PM 的结构特征分析。此外，使用微天平、量杯、粘度计、氧弹量热计和气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）等几种实验仪器来检测燃料性质，包括密度、热值、粘度、成分和十六烷值。可以得出结论，与纯柴油相比，生物柴油混合燃料和乙醇混合燃料对 PM 性质都有变化影响，其中生物柴油混合燃料的影响略低于乙醇混合燃料。就生物柴油混合燃料而言，DGs10 对 PM 性质的变化影响比 DC10 和 DEu10 更大，特别是在 PM 质量的减少方面，使其成为柴油机可再生燃料的良好候选者。
