Department of Ornamental Plants, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Environmental Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Sep 15;333:122071. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122071. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
The undeniable impact of plants in reducing air pollution and the crucial role of nutrition in improving stress tolerance in plants has brought attention to the use of eco-friendly fertilizers. The objective of the study was to investigate how Biogas-digestate (BD) can enhance the tolerance of green roof plants in capturing air pollutants. Four plant species, namely reflexed stonecrop (Sedum reflexum), blue fescue (Festuca glauca), garden mum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), and Peppermint (Mentha piperita) were planted in three urban sites in Mashhad, Iran, with different levels of air pollution. The physiological, biochemical, and morphological characteristics of the treated plants were compared to assess their ability to trap air pollutants. The results showed that the treated M. piperita at Razavi with BD, exhibited the highest level of APTI. Although it was influenced by the site conditions, the determination of the optimum API yielded same results. The F. glauca treated in Khayyam had the highest proline content, while S. reflexum at the Honarestan site had the lowest HO level, without significantly affecting BD. F. glauca, S. reflexum, and M. piperita exhibited the highest levels of SOD, PPO, and GPX activity, respectively, which were significantly increased by the BD treatment. Most of the heavy elements showed increased levels with BD treatment, and M. piperita had the highest concentrations of heavy elements. The leaf surfaces of S. reflexum and M. piperita, had the highest and lowest deposition of particulate matter (PMs), respectively. Carbon and oxygen constituted the majority of PMs on the surface of leaves at all three study locations. The following ranks included the elements Si, Ca, Mg, and Al. BD, particularly in the case of S. reflexum and M. piperita, enhanced the plants' tolerance to air pollution. It is recommended to cultivate S. reflexum using BD on the green roof in polluted areas due to its superior capacity to absorb PMs and the fact that it is not edible.
沼气渣（BD）增强绿色屋顶植物对空气污染物的吸收能力。四种植物，即景天（Sedum reflexum）、蓝羊茅（Festuca glauca）、菊花（Chrysanthemum morifolium）和薄荷（Mentha piperita），被种植在伊朗马什哈德三个具有不同空气污染水平的城市地点。比较处理植物的生理、生化和形态特征，以评估它们捕捉空气污染物的能力。结果表明，在 Razavi 用 BD 处理的薄荷 M. piperita 表现出最高的 APTI。虽然它受到地点条件的影响，但确定最佳 API 得出了相同的结果。在 Khayyam 处理的 F. glauca 具有最高的脯氨酸含量，而在 Honarestan 地点的 S. reflexum 具有最低的 HO 水平，但对 BD 没有显著影响。F. glauca、S. reflexum 和 M. piperita 分别表现出最高水平的 SOD、PPO 和 GPX 活性，BD 处理显著增加了这些活性。大多数重金属元素的含量随着 BD 处理而增加，而 M. piperita 具有最高的重金属浓度。S. reflexum 和 M. piperita 的叶片表面分别具有最高和最低的颗粒物（PMs）沉积。在所有三个研究地点，叶片表面的碳和氧构成了 PMs 的主要成分。接下来的元素包括 Si、Ca、Mg 和 Al。BD 特别在 S. reflexum 和 M. piperita 的情况下，增强了植物对空气污染物的耐受性。建议在污染地区的绿色屋顶上使用 BD 种植 S. reflexum，因为它具有吸收 PMs 的能力，并且不可食用。
