Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Fukuoka City Office, Fukuoka, Japan.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023 Aug 1;19(2):2226575. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2226575.
Although mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been reported for high effectiveness against symptoms, it remains unclear whether post-vaccination infections are less symptomatic than infections in vaccine-naive individuals. We included patients with COVID-19 diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction tests during Japan's alpha and delta variant epidemics. COVID-19 symptoms at approximately 4 weeks were compared based on COVID-19 vaccination status. In total, 398 cases (372 symptomatic and 26 asymptomatic; 286 unvaccinated, 66 vaccinated with one dose, and 46 with two doses) were analyzed. The most common symptoms were fever (78.4%), fatigue (78.4%), cough (74.4%), loss of taste or smell (62.8%), and headache (59.8%). Post-vaccination infections were significantly less likely to be symptomatic. Possible confounder-adjusted odds ratios of two vaccine doses against fatigue, dry eyes and mouth, insomnia, fever, shortness of breath, unusual muscle pains, and loss of taste or smell were 0.18 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09-0.38), 0.22 (95% CI: 0.08-0.59), 0.33 (95% CI: 0.14-0.80), 0.31 (95% CI: 0.15-0.63), 0.36 (95% CI: 0.16-0.76), 0.40 (95% CI: 0.19-0.82), and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.22-0.87), respectively. Post-vaccination infections after two mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses show milder and fewer symptoms than infections in unvaccinated patients, highlighting the effectiveness of vaccination.
尽管已报道 mRNA 冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）疫苗对症状具有高度有效性，但仍不清楚接种疫苗后的感染是否比疫苗接种人群的无症状感染症状轻。我们纳入了在日本的阿尔法和德尔塔变异株流行期间通过聚合酶链反应检测诊断为 COVID-19 的患者。根据 COVID-19 疫苗接种状态，比较了大约 4 周时的 COVID-19 症状。共分析了 398 例病例（372 例有症状和 26 例无症状；286 例未接种疫苗，66 例接种 1 剂，46 例接种 2 剂）。最常见的症状是发热（78.4%）、乏力（78.4%）、咳嗽（74.4%）、味觉或嗅觉丧失（62.8%）和头痛（59.8%）。接种疫苗后的感染症状明显较轻。与乏力、眼干和口干、失眠、发热、呼吸急促、异常肌肉疼痛和味觉或嗅觉丧失相比，两剂疫苗接种的可能混杂因素调整比值比分别为 0.18（95%置信区间[CI]：0.09-0.38）、0.22（95%CI：0.08-0.59）、0.33（95%CI：0.14-0.80）、0.31（95%CI：0.15-0.63）、0.36（95%CI：0.16-0.76）、0.40（95%CI：0.19-0.82）和 0.44（95%CI：0.22-0.87）。两剂 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗接种后的接种后感染症状比未接种疫苗的患者更轻、更少，突出了疫苗接种的有效性。
