Cao Guiying, Liu Jue, Liu Min
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2024 Jan;164(1):115-123. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14957. Epub 2023 Jun 26.
To assess the associations between hepatitis B and C in women aged 15-49 years and neonatal preterm birth in high-income countries (HICs).
This ecological study collected hepatitis B and C prevalence data in women aged 15-49 years and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of neonatal preterm birth in HICs in 1990-2019 from the Global Burden of Disease study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in hepatitis B and C prevalence and ASIRs of neonatal preterm birth were calculated to quantify their temporal trends. Pearson correlation tests and generalized additive mixed models were used to estimate the associations between hepatitis B and C prevalence and ASIR of neonatal preterm birth.
Among women aged 15-49 years in HICs, hepatitis B prevalence increased only in the Northern Mariana Islands (EAPC, 0.16 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05-0.27]) and the United Kingdom (EAPC, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.04-0.12]) and hepatitis C prevalence increased in more than 20% of HICs in 1990-2019, with the largest increase in Belgium (EAPC, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.65-1.35]). Nearly 80% of HICs showed an increasing trend in ASIR of neonatal preterm birth in 1990-2019, with the largest increase in Greece (EAPC, 3.91 [95% CI, 3.65-4.18]). A positive association between hepatitis C prevalence in women aged 15-49 years and ASIR of neonatal preterm birth was observed in Pearson correlation tests and generalized additive mixed models (P ≤ 0.01).
ASIR of neonatal preterm birth was associated with hepatitis C prevalence in women aged 15-49 years in HICs. Universal screening for hepatitis C virus is recommended at least once for women of reproductive age and during each pregnancy.
评估高收入国家（HICs）15至49岁女性中乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎与新生儿早产之间的关联。
这项生态学研究从全球疾病负担研究中收集了1990 - 2019年HICs中15至49岁女性的乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎患病率数据以及新生儿早产的年龄标准化发病率（ASIRs）。计算乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎患病率以及新生儿早产ASIRs的估计年变化百分比（EAPCs），以量化其时间趋势。使用Pearson相关性检验和广义相加混合模型来估计乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎患病率与新生儿早产ASIR之间的关联。
在HICs中15至49岁的女性中，仅北马里亚纳群岛（EAPC，0.16 [95%置信区间（CI），0.05 - 0.27]）和英国（EAPC，0.08 [95% CI，0.04 - 0.12]）的乙型肝炎患病率有所上升，1990 - 2019年超过20%的HICs中丙型肝炎患病率上升，其中比利时上升幅度最大（EAPC，1.00 [95% CI，0.65 - 1.35]）。1990 - 2019年近80%的HICs中新生儿早产ASIR呈上升趋势，其中希腊上升幅度最大（EAPC，3.91 [95% CI，3.65 - 4.18]）。在Pearson相关性检验和广义相加混合模型中观察到15至49岁女性丙型肝炎患病率与新生儿早产ASIR之间存在正相关（P≤0.01）。
HICs中15至49岁女性的新生儿早产ASIR与丙型肝炎患病率相关。建议对育龄女性至少进行一次丙型肝炎病毒普遍筛查，并在每次怀孕时进行筛查。
