Merino-Hernández Amaia, Jové-Blanco Ana, Palacios-Bermejo Andrea, Rodríguez-Represa Javier, Ferrero García-Loygorri Clara, Vázquez-López Paula
Fundación de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
Andes Pediatr. 2023 Apr;94(2):219-226. doi: 10.32641/andespediatr.v94i2.4471. Epub 2023 Apr 4.
The lockdown during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the effect of the virus on the population could be a precipitating factor for mental health disorders in the pediatric population.
To compare the reasons for consultation, diagnoses at discharge, and admission and re-consultation rates of pediatric patients attending the Emergency Department due to mental health disorders before and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic lockdown.
Retrospective, descriptive study. Patients under 16 years of age consulting due to mental health-related disorders during the pre- (07/01/2018-07/01/2019) and post-lockdown (07/01/2020-07/01/2021) periods were included. The frequency of mental health diagnoses, need for drug administration, hospitalization, and reconsultations were compared.
760 patients were included, 399 pre-lockdown and 361 postlockdown. After the lockdown, there was a 45.7% increase in the frequency of mental health-related consultations with respect to the total number of emergency consultations. Behavioral alterations were the most frequent reason for consultation in both groups (34.3% vs. 36.6%, p = 0.54). In the post-lockdown period, consultations related to self-harm attempts (16.3% vs. 24.4%, p < 0.01) and the diagnosis of depression (7.5% vs. 18.5%, p < 0.01) increased significantly. There was an increase of 58.8% in patients who were hospitalized with respect to the total number of ED patients (0.17% vs. 0.27%, p = 0.003) and in the number of re-consultations (12% vs. 17.8%, p = 0.026). No differences were observed in days of hospitalization (7 days [IQR 4-13] vs. 9 days [IQR 9-14], p0.45).
In the post-lockdown period, the proportion of pediatric patients presenting to the ED with mental health disturbances increased.
2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的封锁措施以及该病毒对人群的影响可能是导致儿童心理健康障碍的一个诱发因素。
比较2019冠状病毒病大流行封锁措施实施前后，因心理健康障碍前往急诊科就诊的儿科患者的就诊原因、出院诊断、入院及再次就诊率。
回顾性描述性研究。纳入在封锁前（2018年1月7日至2019年1月7日）和封锁后（2020年1月7日至2021年1月7日）因心理健康相关障碍就诊的16岁以下患者。比较心理健康诊断的频率、药物治疗需求、住院情况及再次就诊情况。
共纳入760例患者，封锁前399例，封锁后361例。封锁后，与心理健康相关的就诊频率相对于急诊就诊总数增加了45.7%。行为改变是两组中最常见的就诊原因（34.3%对36.6%，p = 0.54）。在封锁后时期，与自杀未遂相关的就诊（16.3%对24.4%，p < 0.01）和抑郁症诊断（7.5%对18.5%，p < 0.01）显著增加。相对于急诊患者总数，住院患者增加了58.8%（0.17%对0.27%，p = 0.003），再次就诊次数也增加了（12%对17.8%，p = 0.026）。住院天数无差异（7天[四分位间距4 - 13]对9天[四分位间距9 - 14]，p = 0.45）。
在封锁后时期，前往急诊科就诊的有心理健康障碍的儿科患者比例增加。
