Mandiola María Ignacia, Arancibia Marcelo, Elton Victoria, Madrid Eva, Meza Nicolás, Stojanova Jana, Lutz Mariane, Leyton Fanny
Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Hospital Dr. Óscar Hernández Escobar de Curacautín, Curacautín, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2022 Aug;150(8):1046-1053. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000801046.
Both perfectionism and social anxiety have been described in patients with eating disorders (ED) and medical students. Academic stress also can increase the risk of developing ED.
To analyze the dimensions of perfectionism, social anxiety, and academic stress associated with the risk of developing ED in female medical students.
The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the SISCO academic stress inventory and the Eating Attitudes Test-26, were applied to 163 female medical students from all levels of the career. The groups with and without risk of ED were compared according to these variables.
Twenty-four percent of respondents were at risk of ED. There were significant differences between scores of perfectionism, social anxiety, and academic stress between respondents with and without risk for ED. In general, there was a significant correlation among the variables. In a multivariate analysis, the predictors of ED risk were the perception of academic stress (Odds ratio (OR) 1.09; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.03-1.16) and personal standards in the context of perfectionism (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.06-1.27).
A substantial proportion of female medical students were at risk for ED. The risk of ED was determined mainly by academic stress and personal standards in the context of perfectionism. In this sample, social anxiety did not play a relevant role.
饮食失调症（ED）患者和医学生中均存在完美主义和社交焦虑现象。学业压力也会增加患饮食失调症的风险。
分析与女医学生患饮食失调症风险相关的完美主义、社交焦虑和学业压力的维度。
对来自各个年级的163名女医学生应用多维完美主义量表、利博维茨社交焦虑量表、SISCO学业压力量表和饮食态度测试-26。根据这些变量对有和没有饮食失调症风险的组进行比较。
24%的受访者有患饮食失调症的风险。有和没有饮食失调症风险的受访者在完美主义、社交焦虑和学业压力得分上存在显著差异。总体而言，这些变量之间存在显著相关性。在多变量分析中，饮食失调症风险的预测因素是对学业压力的感知（优势比（OR）1.09；95%置信区间（CI）1.03-1.16）和完美主义背景下的个人标准（OR 1.16；95%CI 1.06-1.27）。
相当比例的女医学生有患饮食失调症的风险。饮食失调症的风险主要由学业压力和完美主义背景下的个人标准决定。在这个样本中，社交焦虑没有起到相关作用。
