Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Compr Physiol. 2023 Jun 26;13(3):4685-4708. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c210052.
Microbiomes include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes. The microbiome modulates numerous aspects of host physiology and is critical in the pathophysiology of diseases, including colon cancer. Although gut bacterial pathogenesis has become an emerging area in colon cancer, the multi-kingdom aspect of microbiome has yet to be explored. Similar to the bacterial component of the microbiome, the virome contains certain makeup that varies between individuals. In the current review, we introduce the concepts of microbiome and microbiota, research history, methods for modern microbiome studies, and recent progress of mechanisms responsible for microbiome and virome in colon cancer. Furthermore, we discuss our understanding of microbial metabolites in the disease development and therapy of colon cancer. Finally, the gut microbiota can affect the efficacy and toxicity of cancer therapy. We discuss the challenges and future perspectives in microbiome and colon cancer. Exploring and understanding the mechanisms of microbiome will provide insights into effective approaches in potential prevention of treatment of colon cancer. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4685-4708, 2023.
微生物组包括细菌、病毒、真菌和其他微生物。微生物组调节宿主生理的众多方面，在疾病的病理生理学中至关重要，包括结肠癌。尽管肠道细菌发病机制已成为结肠癌的一个新兴领域，但微生物组的多领域方面尚未得到探索。类似于微生物组的细菌组成部分，病毒组包含个体之间存在差异的某些成分。在本综述中，我们介绍了微生物组和微生物群落的概念、研究历史、现代微生物组研究方法以及微生物组和病毒组在结肠癌中负责的机制的最新进展。此外，我们讨论了我们对微生物代谢物在结肠癌发展和治疗中的作用的理解。最后，肠道微生物群可以影响癌症治疗的疗效和毒性。我们讨论了微生物组和结肠癌研究中的挑战和未来展望。探索和理解微生物组的机制将为结肠癌的潜在预防和治疗提供有效的方法提供思路。© 2023 美国生理学会。综合生理学 13:4685-4708, 2023。
