King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.
Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Epileptic Disord. 2023 Apr;25(2):200-208. doi: 10.1002/epd2.20014. Epub 2023 May 3.
Contrary to patients, the psychological impact of functional seizures to caregivers has not been adequately investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the rates and determinants of depression and anxiety in caregivers of patients with functional seizures.
Patients with functional seizures and their caregivers completed surveys about demographic, disease-related, and psychosocial characteristics. Rates and determinants of depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory scores as dependent variables and patient and caregiver characteristics as independent variables.
Twenty-nine patients (76% female, mean age of 37 years) and their caregivers (59% female, mean age of 43 years) were recruited. Symptoms of anxiety and/or depression were present in 96% of patients (96% depression, 92% anxiety) and 59% of caregivers (52% depression, 50% anxiety). Specifically, 31% of caregivers manifested mild depression, 14% moderate depression, and 7% severe depression, whereas 48% were not depressed. Similarly, 14% of caregivers manifested mild anxiety, 29% moderate anxiety, and 7% severe anxiety, whereas 50% were not anxious. Patient and caregiver depression levels strongly correlated (r = .73, p < .0001). The presence of anxiety and depression in the caregiver was associated with male patient gender (p = .02), patient depression level (p = .002), the caregiver being a parent or sibling (p = .02), and caregiver burden (p = .0009).
Caregivers of patients with functional seizures experience high rates of anxiety and depression, explained by specific demographic and psychosocial factors that could act as intervention targets.
与患者不同，功能性发作对照顾者的心理影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在评估功能性发作患者照顾者的抑郁和焦虑发生率及其决定因素。
功能性发作患者及其照顾者完成了关于人口统计学、疾病相关和社会心理特征的调查。使用贝克抑郁和焦虑量表（Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory）评分作为因变量，患者和照顾者特征作为自变量，评估抑郁和焦虑的发生率及其决定因素。
共招募了 29 名患者（76%为女性，平均年龄 37 岁）及其照顾者（59%为女性，平均年龄 43 岁）。96%的患者（96%为抑郁，92%为焦虑）和 59%的照顾者（52%为抑郁，50%为焦虑）存在焦虑和/或抑郁症状。具体来说，31%的照顾者表现为轻度抑郁，14%为中度抑郁，7%为重度抑郁，而 48%的照顾者没有抑郁。同样，14%的照顾者表现为轻度焦虑，29%为中度焦虑，7%为重度焦虑，而 50%的照顾者没有焦虑。患者和照顾者的抑郁水平呈强相关（r=0.73，p<0.0001）。照顾者存在焦虑和抑郁与患者的性别为男性（p=0.02）、患者的抑郁水平（p=0.002）、照顾者为父母或兄弟姐妹（p=0.02）和照顾者负担（p=0.0009）相关。
功能性发作患者的照顾者焦虑和抑郁发生率较高，具体的人口统计学和社会心理因素可以作为干预目标。
