Hart Mackenzie J, McQuillin Samuel D, Iachini Aidyn, Weist Mark D, Hills Kimberly J, Cooper Daniel K
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Barnwell College, 1512 Pendleton St., Suite 450, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 USA.
College of Social Work- University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton St., Hamilton College Suite 332, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 USA.
School Ment Health. 2023 Mar 25:1-19. doi: 10.1007/s12310-023-09580-3.
The supply of school mental health (SMH) providers and services cannot meet the demand of students in-need, and this gap is expected to widen in coming years. One way to increase the reach of helpful services for youth is to grow the SMH workforce through task-shifting to paraprofessionals. Task-shifting could be especially promising in expanding Motivational Interviewing (MI) interventions, as MI can be molded to target a number of academic and behavioral outcomes important to schools. However, no review of training exclusively paraprofessional samples in MI has yet been conducted. The current paper provides a scoping review of 19 studies of training paraprofessional providers to use MI to evaluate trainee characteristics, training content and format, and outcomes. Of these 19 studies, 15 reported that paraprofessionals improved in using MI following training. Nine studies reported that task-shifting MI was positively received by clients and/or providers. Six studies examined task-shifting MI in youth-serving contexts, and four examined the practice in traditional school contexts, suggesting its potential for use in SMH. Other findings and implications, such as client behavior change and provider fidelity, are shared, along with ideas for advancing research, practice, and policy in this subfield.
学校心理健康（SMH）服务提供者和服务的供应无法满足有需要学生的需求，预计未来几年这一差距还会扩大。增加为青少年提供有益服务的覆盖面的一种方法是通过将任务转移给辅助专业人员来壮大SMH工作队伍。在扩大动机性访谈（MI）干预措施方面，任务转移可能特别有前景，因为MI可以针对对学校重要的一些学业和行为成果进行调整。然而，尚未对专门针对辅助专业人员样本进行的MI培训进行综述。本文对19项关于培训辅助专业服务提供者使用MI以评估受训者特征、培训内容和形式以及结果的研究进行了范围综述。在这19项研究中，15项报告称辅助专业人员在接受培训后使用MI的能力有所提高。9项研究报告称，客户和/或服务提供者对任务转移MI的接受度较高。6项研究在为青少年服务的背景下考察了任务转移MI，4项研究在传统学校背景下考察了这种做法，表明其在学校心理健康方面的应用潜力。本文还分享了其他研究结果和启示，如客户行为改变和服务提供者的忠诚度，以及推进该子领域研究、实践和政策的想法。
