Natalia Auginia, Zhang Li, Sundah Noah R, Zhang Yan, Shao Huilin
Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Nat Rev Bioeng. 2023 Mar 31:1-18. doi: 10.1038/s44222-023-00050-8.
Diverse (sub)cellular materials are secreted by cells into the systemic circulation at different stages of disease progression. These circulating biomarkers include whole cells, such as circulating tumour cells, subcellular extracellular vesicles and cell-free factors such as DNA, RNA and proteins. The biophysical and biomolecular state of circulating biomarkers carry a rich repertoire of molecular information that can be captured in the form of liquid biopsies for disease detection and monitoring. In this Review, we discuss miniaturized platforms that allow the minimally invasive and rapid detection and analysis of circulating biomarkers, accounting for their differences in size, concentration and molecular composition. We examine differently scaled materials and devices that can enrich, measure and analyse specific circulating biomarkers, outlining their distinct detection challenges. Finally, we highlight emerging opportunities in biomarker and device integration and provide key future milestones for their clinical translation.
在疾病进展的不同阶段，多种（亚）细胞物质由细胞分泌进入体循环。这些循环生物标志物包括完整细胞，如循环肿瘤细胞、亚细胞外泌体以及无细胞因子，如DNA、RNA和蛋白质。循环生物标志物的生物物理和生物分子状态携带了丰富的分子信息，这些信息可以通过液体活检的形式获取，用于疾病检测和监测。在本综述中，我们讨论了能够对循环生物标志物进行微创、快速检测和分析的小型化平台，同时考虑到它们在大小、浓度和分子组成上的差异。我们研究了不同尺度的材料和设备，这些材料和设备可以富集、测量和分析特定的循环生物标志物，概述了它们独特的检测挑战。最后，我们强调了生物标志物与设备整合方面的新兴机遇，并为它们的临床转化提供了关键的未来里程碑。
