Wang Chao, Li Xian, Wang Hui-Jiao
Department of Psychology, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.
Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jun 9;14:1197170. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1197170. eCollection 2023.
The present study aims to investigate the associations among math self-efficacy, parenting style, and math anxiety in primary school children. The sample comprised 400 participants, aged between 10 and 11 years old, from an elementary school in China. Participants completed three self-reported questionnaires on math anxiety, parenting styles and math self-efficacy. The results revealed that rejection was strongly and positively correlated with math anxiety, while emotional warmth was negatively related to math anxiety. Interestingly, math anxiety was found to be related to rejection, with math self-efficacy playing a mediating role in this relationship. Conversely, math self-efficacy played a mediating role in the relationship between parenting styles and math anxiety, while over protection exhibited no significant correlation with math anxiety. The study also showed that gender differences existed in the level of math anxiety and math self-efficacy, with boys exhibiting lower math anxiety and higher math self-efficacy than girls. These results provide important insights into the development and treatment of math anxiety in primary school children. Specifically, parents and educators should focus on enhancing children's math self-efficacy beliefs, while adopting a parenting style characterized by emotional warmth and low levels of rejection.
本研究旨在调查小学生数学自我效能感、教养方式和数学焦虑之间的关联。样本包括来自中国一所小学的400名年龄在10至11岁之间的参与者。参与者完成了关于数学焦虑、教养方式和数学自我效能感的三份自我报告问卷。结果显示，拒绝与数学焦虑呈强烈正相关，而情感温暖与数学焦虑呈负相关。有趣的是，发现数学焦虑与拒绝有关，数学自我效能感在这种关系中起中介作用。相反，数学自我效能感在教养方式与数学焦虑的关系中起中介作用，而过度保护与数学焦虑无显著相关性。研究还表明，数学焦虑和数学自我效能感水平存在性别差异，男孩的数学焦虑低于女孩，数学自我效能感高于女孩。这些结果为小学生数学焦虑的发展和治疗提供了重要见解。具体而言，家长和教育工作者应专注于增强孩子的数学自我效能感信念，同时采用以情感温暖和低拒绝水平为特征的教养方式。
