Plonkowski Alexander T, Breakey R William F, Read Jenny C A, Sainsbury David C G
From the School of Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Cleft Lip and Palate Service, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2023 May 22;11(5):e4980. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000004980. eCollection 2023 May.
Eye-tracking has become an increasingly popular research tool within the field of cleft lip and/or palate (CL+/-P). Despite this, there are no standardized protocols for conducting research. Our objective was to conduct a literature review of the methodology and outcomes of previous publications using eye-tracking in CL+/-P.
The PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched to identify all articles published up to August 2022. All articles were screened by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria included using eye-tracking, image stimuli of CL+/-P, and outcome reporting using areas of interest (AOIs). Exclusion criteria included non-English studies, conference articles, and image stimuli of conditions other than CL+/-P.
Forty articles were identified, and 16 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Thirteen studies only displayed images of individuals following cleft lip surgery with three only displaying unrepaired cleft lips. Significant variation was found in study design, particularly in the AOIs used to report gaze outcomes. Ten studies asked participants to provide an outcome score alongside eye-tracking; however, only four compared outcome data to eye-tracking data. This review is primarily limited by the minimal number of publications in this area.
Eye-tracking can be a powerful tool in evaluating appearance outcomes following CL+/-P surgery. It is currently limited by the lack of standardized research methodology and varied study design. Before future work, a replicable protocol should be developed to maximize the potential of this technology.
眼动追踪已成为唇腭裂（CL+/-P）领域中越来越受欢迎的研究工具。尽管如此，目前尚无进行研究的标准化方案。我们的目的是对先前使用眼动追踪研究CL+/-P的方法和结果进行文献综述。
检索了PubMed、谷歌学术和Cochrane数据库，以识别截至2022年8月发表的所有文章。所有文章均由两名独立评审员进行筛选。纳入标准包括使用眼动追踪、CL+/-P的图像刺激以及使用感兴趣区域（AOI）进行结果报告。排除标准包括非英语研究、会议文章以及CL+/-P以外疾病的图像刺激。
共识别出40篇文章，其中16篇符合纳入/排除标准。13项研究仅展示了唇裂修复术后个体的图像，3项研究仅展示了未修复的唇裂。研究设计存在显著差异，尤其是在用于报告注视结果的AOI方面。10项研究要求参与者在眼动追踪的同时提供结果评分；然而，只有4项研究将结果数据与眼动追踪数据进行了比较。本综述主要受该领域出版物数量极少的限制。
眼动追踪可以成为评估CL+/-P手术后外观效果的有力工具。目前它受到缺乏标准化研究方法和多样研究设计的限制。在未来的工作开展之前，应制定可重复的方案，以最大限度地发挥这项技术的潜力。
