Schwarz Ori
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Theory Soc. 2023 Jun 3:1-34. doi: 10.1007/s11186-023-09518-3.
Trump's crusade against PC played a key role in his political rhetoric and resonated well among his supporters, yet his notion of PC differed greatly in meaning from earlier uses of the term and was used to denounce a much wider range of socio-political behaviors. Based on a systematic analysis of Trump's use of this notion, I identified five main normative propositions organizing Trump's anti-PC rhetoric. Viewed together, these propositions add up to a rehabilitation of White working-class culture but also outline an emerging late-modern version of the authenticity ethic, whose power extends far beyond the working class. This ethic (as manifested in Trump's anti-PC rhetoric) transforms the role of morality and the sacred in political drama and in symbolic struggles over social worth. Rather than presenting his commitment to moral values, ideals, and allegedly-universal rules, Trump used anti-PC rhetoric to expose and criticize the symbolic self-interests of others who speak on behalf of these values, rules, and ideals to claim superiority (and thus ironically mimicked the sociological critique of symbolic violence to legitimize bigotry). Yet, the sacred is not completely banished from political drama: authenticity as a principle of worth guiding moral evaluation and argumentation is revealed as a . The case of Trump's anti-PC rhetoric thus allows theorizing the implications of the authenticity ethic for the dynamics of social struggles over recognized worth and for the role of ideals in the presentation of self in politics and beyond.
特朗普对政治正确的讨伐在其政治言辞中扮演了关键角色,并在其支持者中引起了强烈共鸣。然而,他对“政治正确”的概念在含义上与该术语早期的用法有很大不同,且被用于谴责范围广泛得多的社会政治行为。基于对特朗普使用这一概念的系统分析,我确定了构成其反政治正确言辞的五个主要规范性命题。综合来看,这些命题不仅促成了对白人工人阶级文化的复兴,还勾勒出一种新兴的晚期现代版本真性伦理,其影响力远远超出了工人阶级。这种伦理(如在特朗普的反政治正确言辞中所体现的)改变了道德和神圣在政治戏剧以及关于社会价值的象征性斗争中的角色。特朗普没有展现出他对道德价值观、理想和所谓普遍规则的承诺,而是利用反政治正确言辞来揭露和批评那些代表这些价值观、规则和理想发言以宣称优越性的其他人的象征性私利(从而具有讽刺意味地模仿了对象征性暴力的社会学批判来使偏见合法化)。然而,神圣并未完全从政治戏剧中消失:本真性作为一种指导道德评价和论证的价值原则被揭示为一种……特朗普的反政治正确言辞这一案例因此使得我们能够对本真性伦理对于围绕公认价值的社会斗争动态以及理想在政治及其他领域自我呈现中的作用所产生的影响进行理论化探讨。