Zhang Rong, Lv Jianhao, Bao Jinsong, Zheng Yu
College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China.
Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing and Information Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China.
Flex Serv Manuf J. 2023 May 17:1-23. doi: 10.1007/s10696-023-09498-7.
Under the influence of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for medical equipment and epidemic prevention materials has increased significantly, but the existing production lines are not flexible and efficient enough to dynamically adapt to market demand. The human-machine collaboration system combines the advantages of humans and machines, and provides feasibility for implementing different manufacturing tasks. With dynamic adjustment of robots and operators in the production line, the flexibility of the human-machine collaborative production line can be further improved. Therefore, a parallel production line is set up as a parallel community, and the digital twin community model of the intelligent workshop is constructed. The fusion and interaction between the production communities enhance the production flexibility of the manufacturing shop. Aiming at the overall production efficiency and load balancing state, a digital twin-driven intra-community process optimization algorithm based on hierarchical reinforcement learning is proposed, and as a key framework to improve the production performance of production communities, which is used to optimize the proportion of human and machine involvement in work. Finally, taking the assembly process of ventilators as an example, it is proved that the intelligent scheduling strategy proposed in this paper shows stronger adjustment ability in response to dynamic demand as well as production line changes.
在全球新冠疫情的影响下，医疗设备和防疫物资的需求大幅增加，但现有的生产线不够灵活高效，无法动态适应市场需求。人机协作系统结合了人和机器的优势，为实施不同的制造任务提供了可行性。通过对生产线中的机器人和操作人员进行动态调整，可进一步提高人机协作生产线的灵活性。因此，设置了一条并行生产线作为并行社区，并构建了智能车间的数字孪生社区模型。生产社区之间的融合与交互提高了制造车间的生产灵活性。针对整体生产效率和负载平衡状态，提出了一种基于分层强化学习的数字孪生驱动的社区内过程优化算法，作为提高生产社区生产性能的关键框架，用于优化人机参与工作的比例。最后，以呼吸机的装配过程为例，证明了本文提出的智能调度策略在应对动态需求以及生产线变化方面表现出更强的调整能力。
