Foreign Language School, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
College of Ecology and Environment, YuZhang Normal University, Nanchang, China.
J Therm Biol. 2023 Jul;115:103626. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103626. Epub 2023 Jun 16.
Temperature is a key environmental factor in ectotherms and influences many life history traits. In the present study, the nymphal development time, sex ratio and wing dimorphism of the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus were examined under the conditions of constant temperatures, naturally varying temperatures (or different generations), and different temperatures combined with different photoperiod. The results showed that from 18 to 28 °C, the developmental time of nymphs was gradually shortened with the increase of temperature, whereas the high temperatures of 30 and 32 °C in the third to fifth instar nymphal stages and high summer temperature of 28.8 and 29.7 °C significantly delayed developmental time and resulted in higher mortality of nymphs. In all treatments, the developmental time was longer in females than males. The nymphs took significantly longer time to develop in the short daylength of 12 h than in longer daylengths of 13, 14, 15 and 16. Differences in developmental time were also found between wing morph, with long-winged individuals being significantly longer than the short-winged individuals at lower temperatures and significantly shorter than the short-winged individuals at higher temperatures. In all treatments, the sex ratio was stable, approaching 1:1, without being affected by temperature, generations and photoperiod. Photoperiod and temperature had significantly influence on the wing dimorphism. Long daylength combined with different temperatures resulted in significantly higher proportions of long-winged morph, whereas the low temperatures combined with the short daylengths in autumn and winter resulted in significantly high proportion of short-winged morph. This study broadens our understanding of the life-history traits of this planthopper and provides basic data for analyzing the effects of climate change on the planthopper reproduction.
温度是变温动物的一个关键环境因素，影响着许多生活史特征。本研究在恒温、自然变温（或不同世代）以及不同温度与不同光周期相结合的条件下，研究了小褐飞虱 Laodelphax striatellus 若虫的发育时间、性别比和翅二型性。结果表明，18-28℃时，若虫的发育时间随温度的升高逐渐缩短，而 30-32℃的高温在三至五龄若虫期和 28.8-29.7℃的高温夏季明显延迟了发育时间，并导致若虫死亡率升高。在所有处理中，雌性的发育时间均长于雄性。与 13、14、15 和 16 小时的长光照相比，12 小时的短光照下若虫的发育时间明显延长。在所有处理中，长翅型个体的发育时间在低温下明显长于短翅型个体，在高温下明显短于短翅型个体，因此也存在翅型差异。在所有处理中，性别比均稳定，接近 1:1，不受温度、世代和光周期的影响。光周期和温度对翅二型性有显著影响。长光照与不同温度相结合会导致长翅型的比例显著增加，而秋季和冬季的低温与短光照相结合会导致短翅型的比例显著增加。本研究拓宽了我们对这种飞虱生活史特征的认识，为分析气候变化对飞虱繁殖的影响提供了基础数据。
