COVID-19 对老年人癌症筛查和治疗的影响：多民族队列研究。
The impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening and treatment in older adults: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.
机构信息
Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, United States.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
出版信息
Elife. 2023 Jun 27;12:e86562. doi: 10.7554/eLife.86562.
BACKGROUND
The Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted the health and day-to-day life of individuals, especially the elderly and people with certain pre-existing medical conditions, including cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate how COVID-19 impacted access to cancer screenings and treatment, by studying the participants in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) study.
METHODS
The MEC has been following over 215,000 residents of Hawai'i and Los Angeles for the development of cancer and other chronic diseases since 1993-1996. It includes men and women of five racial and ethnic groups: African American, Japanese American, Latino, Native Hawaiian, and White. In 2020, surviving participants were sent an invitation to complete an online survey on the impact of COVID-19 on their daily life activities, including adherence to cancer screening and treatment. Approximately 7,000 MEC participants responded. A cross-sectional analysis was performed to investigate the relationships between the postponement of regular health care visits and cancer screening procedures or treatment with race and ethnicity, age, education, and comorbidity.
RESULTS
Women with more education, women with lung disease, COPD, or asthma, and women and men diagnosed with cancer in the past 5 years were more likely to postpone any cancer screening test/procedure due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Groups less likely to postpone cancer screening included older women compared to younger women and Japanese American men and women compared to White men and women.
CONCLUSIONS
This study revealed specific associations of race/ethnicity, age, education level, and comorbidities with the cancer-related screening and healthcare of MEC participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased monitoring of patients in high-risk groups for cancer and other diseases is of the utmost importance as the chance of undiagnosed cases or poor prognosis is increased as a result of delayed screening and treatment.
FUNDING
This research was partially supported by the Omidyar 'Ohana Foundation and grant U01 CA164973 from the National Cancer Institute.
背景
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）影响了个人的健康和日常生活，尤其是老年人和患有某些预先存在的医疗条件的人，包括癌症。本研究的目的是通过研究夏威夷和洛杉矶的多民族队列（MEC）研究中的参与者，调查 COVID-19 如何影响癌症筛查和治疗的机会。
方法
MEC 自 1993-1996 年以来一直在跟踪超过 215,000 名夏威夷和洛杉矶居民的癌症和其他慢性疾病的发展。它包括来自五个种族和族裔群体的男性和女性：非裔美国人、日裔美国人、拉丁裔、夏威夷原住民和白人。2020 年，幸存的参与者收到了一封邀请信，要求他们完成一项关于 COVID-19 对他们日常生活活动影响的在线调查，包括对癌症筛查和治疗的依从性。大约有 7000 名 MEC 参与者做出了回应。进行了横断面分析，以研究定期进行健康检查和癌症筛查程序或治疗与种族和族裔、年龄、教育程度和合并症之间的关系。
结果
受教育程度较高的女性、患有肺部疾病、COPD 或哮喘的女性以及过去 5 年内被诊断患有癌症的女性和男性，由于 COVID-19 大流行，更有可能推迟任何癌症筛查测试/程序。不太可能推迟癌症筛查的群体包括与年轻女性相比年龄较大的女性，以及与白种人男性和女性相比日裔美国男性和女性。
结论
这项研究揭示了种族/族裔、年龄、教育水平和合并症与 MEC 参与者在 COVID-19 大流行期间与癌症相关的筛查和医疗保健之间的特定关联。随着筛查和治疗的延迟，增加对癌症和其他疾病高危人群的患者监测至关重要，因为未确诊病例或预后不良的机会增加。
资金来源
这项研究部分得到了奥米迪亚基金会（Omidyar 'Ohana Foundation）和美国国立卫生研究院（National Cancer Institute）U01 CA164973 赠款的支持。
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