Effects of Tebufenozide on Eggs, Larvae and Adults of (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).

Quantifying compatibility among control agents is essential for development of integrated pest management (IPM). (Siemens) and insect growth regulator insecticides are widely used in IPM of Lepidoptera. is a generalist predator naturally present in the Mediterranean agroecosystems and bred in insectariums for commercial purposes. Here, we evaluated lethal and sublethal effects of tebufenozide on under laboratory conditions. The treatment of eggs with tebufenozide 24 or 48 h after they were laid did not affect the hatching rate or survival of the neonate larvae. Toxic effects of tebufenozide on topically treated larvae was low; development times of surviving larvae and pupae decreased significantly compared with controls. In choice bioassays, a high percentage of third-instar larvae chose prey () treated with tebufenozide in preference to untreated prey. Moreover, second-instar larvae of that had previously consumed tebufenozide-treated prey (0.75 mL/L) had significantly reduced larval development time compared with controls, while longevity of surviving adults, fecundity and egg viability were unaffected. Ingestion of tebufenozide by adults of at the recommended field dose had no significant effect on female fecundity, egg viability or adult longevity. Tebufenozide exhibited low toxicity towards the developmental stages of and is therefore a candidate for inclusion in IPM strategies.