Plant Immunity Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Plant Immunity Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Planta. 2023 Jun 27;258(2):31. doi: 10.1007/s00425-023-04188-y.
This review provides a detailed structural and functional understanding of BBR/BPC TF, their conservation across the plant lineage, and their comparative study with animal GAFs. Plant-specific Barley B Recombinant/Basic PentaCysteine (BBR/BPC) transcription factor (TF) family binds to "GA" repeats similar to animal GAGA Factors (GAFs). These GAGA binding proteins are among the few TFs that regulate the genes at multiple steps by modulating the chromatin structure. The hallmark of the BBR/BPC TF family is the presence of a conserved C-terminal region with five cysteine residues. In this review, we present: first, the structural distinct yet functional similar relation of plant BBR/BPC TF with animal GAFs, second, the conservation of BBR/BPC across the plant lineage, third, their role in planta, fourth, their potential interacting partners and structural insights. We conclude that BBR/BPC TFs have multifaceted roles in plants. Besides the earliest identified function in homeotic gene regulation and developmental processes, presently BBR/BPC TFs were identified in hormone signaling, stress, circadian oscillation, and sex determination processes. Understanding how plants' development and stress processes are coordinated is central to divulging the growth-immunity trade-off regulation. The BBR/BPC TFs may hold keys to divulge the interactions between development and immunity. Moreover, the conservation of BBR/BPC across plant lineage makes it an evolutionary vital gene family. Consequently, BBR/BPCs are prospective to attract the increasing attention of the scientific communities as they are probably at the crossroads of diverse fundamental processes.
本文综述了 BBR/BPC TF 的结构和功能，探讨了其在植物进化过程中的保守性，并与动物 GAFs 进行了比较研究。植物特有的大麦重组/碱性五肽半胱氨酸（BBR/BPC）转录因子（TF）家族与动物 GAGA 因子（GAFs）结合“GA”重复序列。这些 GAGA 结合蛋白是少数能够通过调节染色质结构在多个步骤调节基因的 TF 之一。BBR/BPC TF 家族的特点是存在一个保守的 C 端区域，包含五个半胱氨酸残基。在本文中，我们首先介绍了植物 BBR/BPC TF 与动物 GAFs 的结构不同但功能相似的关系，其次介绍了 BBR/BPC 在植物进化过程中的保守性，其三介绍了其在植物中的作用，其四介绍了其潜在的相互作用伙伴和结构见解。我们得出结论，BBR/BPC TF 在植物中具有多方面的作用。除了最早在同源基因调控和发育过程中发现的功能外，目前还发现 BBR/BPC TF 参与了激素信号转导、应激、昼夜节律振荡和性别决定过程。了解植物的发育和应激过程如何协调是揭示生长-免疫权衡调节的核心。BBR/BPC TF 可能是揭示发育和免疫之间相互作用的关键。此外，BBR/BPC 在植物进化过程中的保守性使其成为一个具有进化意义的重要基因家族。因此，BBR/BPC 可能会引起科学界越来越多的关注，因为它们可能处于不同基本过程的交叉点。
