Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Collection of Cyanobacteria, 75015 Paris, France.
Toxins (Basel). 2023 Jun 9;15(6):388. doi: 10.3390/toxins15060388.
In tribute to the bicentenary of the birth of Louis Pasteur, this report focuses on cyanotoxins, other natural products and bioactive compounds of cyanobacteria, a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria capable of carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis. These microbes have contributed to changes in the geochemistry and the biology of Earth as we know it today. Furthermore, some bloom-forming cyanobacterial species are also well known for their capacity to produce cyanotoxins. This phylum is preserved in live cultures of pure, monoclonal strains in the Pasteur Cultures of Cyanobacteria (PCC) collection. The collection has been used to classify organisms within the Cyanobacteria of the bacterial kingdom and to investigate several characteristics of these bacteria, such as their ultrastructure, gas vacuoles and complementary chromatic adaptation. Thanks to the ease of obtaining genetic and further genomic sequences, the diversity of the PCC strains has made it possible to reveal some main cyanotoxins and to highlight several genetic loci dedicated to completely unknown natural products. It is the multidisciplinary collaboration of microbiologists, biochemists and chemists and the use of the pure strains of this collection that has allowed the study of several biosynthetic pathways from genetic origins to the structures of natural products and, eventually, their bioactivity.
为纪念路易斯·巴斯德诞辰二百周年，本报告重点介绍蓝藻（蓝细菌门的革兰氏阴性细菌）中的氰基毒素、其他天然产物和生物活性化合物。这些微生物促成了地球地球化学和生物学的变化，正如我们今天所知道的那样。此外，一些形成水华的蓝藻物种也因其产生氰基毒素的能力而闻名。这个门保存在巴斯德蓝藻培养物（PCC）收集的纯单克隆株的活培养物中。该集合已被用于对细菌王国中的蓝藻进行分类，并研究了这些细菌的几个特征，例如它们的超微结构、气液腔和互补色适应。由于易于获得遗传和进一步的基因组序列，PCC 菌株的多样性使得能够揭示一些主要的氰基毒素，并突出几个专门用于完全未知天然产物的遗传基因座。正是微生物学家、生物化学家的多学科合作，以及利用该集合的纯菌株，才使得从遗传起源到天然产物结构及其生物活性的几个生物合成途径的研究成为可能。
