Department of Psychology, Utah State University.
Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University.
Perspect Psychol Sci. 2023 Nov;18(6):1537-1561. doi: 10.1177/17456916231179137. Epub 2023 Jun 27.
Although many sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) consider themselves religious or spiritual, the impact of this religiousness or spirituality (RS) on their health is poorly understood. We introduce the religious/spiritual stress and resilience model (RSSR) to provide a robust framework for understanding the variegated ways that RS influences the health of SGMs. The RSSR bridges existing theorizing on minority stress, structural stigma, and RS-health pathways to articulate the circumstances under which SGMs likely experience RS as health promoting or health damaging. The RSSR makes five key propositions: (a) Minority stress and resilience processes influence health; (b) RS influences general resilience processes; (c) RS influences minority-specific stress and resilience processes; (d) these relationships are moderated by a number of variables uniquely relevant to RS among SGMs, such as congregational stances on same-sex sexual behavior and gender expression or an individual's degree of SGM and RS identity integration; and (e) relationships between minority stress and resilience, RS, and health are bidirectional. In this manuscript, we describe the empirical basis for each of the five propositions focusing on research examining the relationship between RS and health among SGMs. We conclude by describing how the RSSR may inform future research on RS and health among SGMs.
虽然许多性少数群体（SGMs）认为自己是宗教或精神信仰者，但宗教信仰或精神信仰（RS）对他们健康的影响尚未得到充分了解。我们引入宗教/精神压力与适应模型（RSSR），为理解 RS 影响 SGM 健康的多种方式提供一个强有力的框架。RSSR 弥合了少数人压力、结构性污名和 RS-健康途径的现有理论，阐明了 SGM 可能体验到 RS 促进或损害健康的情况。RSSR 提出了五个关键命题：（a）少数人压力和适应过程会影响健康；（b）RS 会影响一般适应过程；（c）RS 会影响特定少数群体的压力和适应过程；（d）这些关系受到许多变量的调节，这些变量对 SGM 中的 RS 具有独特的相关性，例如教堂对同性性行为和性别表达的立场，或者个体的 SGM 和 RS 身份整合程度；（e）少数人压力和适应、RS 和健康之间的关系是双向的。在本文中，我们描述了每个命题的实证基础，重点是研究 RS 与 SGM 健康之间的关系。最后，我们描述了 RSSR 如何为 SGM 中的 RS 和健康的未来研究提供信息。
