Shangase Khanyiso Bright, Luvuno Mluleki, Mabandla Musa V
Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Brain Sci. 2023 May 24;13(6):848. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13060848.
Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder comprising positive, negative, and cognitive impairments. Most of the animal models developed to understand the neurobiology and mechanism of schizophrenia do not produce all the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, researchers need to develop new animal models with greater translational reliability, and the ability to produce most if not all symptoms of schizophrenia. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the rodent "double hit" (post-weaning social isolation and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist) model to produce symptoms of schizophrenia. This systematic review was developed according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines and checklist. The MEDLINE (PubMed) and Ebscohost databases were used to search for studies. The systematic review is based on quantitative animal studies. Studies in languages other than English that could be translated sufficiently using Google translate were also included. Data extraction was performed individually by two independent reviewers and discrepancies between them were resolved by a third reviewer. SYRCLE's risk-of-bias tool was used to test the quality and biases of included studies. Our primary search yielded a total of 47 articles, through different study selection processes. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Ten of the seventeen studies found that the "double hit" model was more effective in developing various symptoms of schizophrenia. Most studies showed that the "double hit" model is robust and capable of inducing cognitive impairments and positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
精神分裂症是一种使人衰弱的精神障碍，包括阳性、阴性和认知障碍。为了解精神分裂症的神经生物学和机制而开发的大多数动物模型并不能产生该疾病的所有症状。因此，研究人员需要开发具有更高转化可靠性、能够产生精神分裂症大部分（如果不是全部）症状的新动物模型。本综述旨在评估啮齿动物“双重打击”（断奶后社会隔离和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂）模型产生精神分裂症症状的有效性。本系统综述是根据2020年PRISMA指南和清单制定的。使用MEDLINE（PubMed）和Ebscohost数据库搜索研究。该系统综述基于定量动物研究。也纳入了那些可以使用谷歌翻译充分翻译的非英语语言的研究。由两名独立评审员分别进行数据提取，他们之间的差异由第三名评审员解决。使用SYRCLE的偏倚风险工具来测试纳入研究的质量和偏倚。通过不同的研究选择过程，我们的初步搜索总共产生了47篇文章。17篇文章符合本系统综述的纳入标准。17项研究中的10项发现“双重打击”模型在产生精神分裂症的各种症状方面更有效。大多数研究表明，“双重打击”模型是可靠的，能够诱发精神分裂症的认知障碍和阳性症状。
