Greco Salvatore, Fabbri Nicolò, Spaggiari Riccardo, De Giorgi Alfredo, Fabbian Fabio, Giovine Antonio
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine, Delta Hospital, Via Valle Oppio 2, 44023 Ferrara, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2023 Jun 20;11(6):1772. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11061772.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for almost 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and often presents high rates of relapses and metastases, with generally poor prognosis despite multiple lines of treatment. Immunotherapy has radically changed the approach of clinicians towards TNBC in the last two to three years, even if targeted and specific therapeutic options are still missing; this unmet need is further justified by the extreme molecular and clinical heterogeneity of this subtype of breast cancer and by the weak response to both single-agent and combined therapies. In March 2023, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the main association of cancer centers in the United States, released the last clinical practice guidelines, with an update on classic and novel approaches in the field of breast cancer. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the latest findings in the setting of metastatic TNBC treatment, focusing on each category of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and included in the NCCN guidelines. We also introduce part of the latest published studies, which have reported new and promising molecules able to specifically target some of the biomarkers involved in TNBC pathogenesis. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases for free full texts reported in the literature of the last 5 years, using the words "triple-negative breast cancer" or "TNBC" or "basal-like". The articles were analyzed by the authors independently and double-blindly, and a total of 114 articles were included in the review.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）占所有确诊乳腺癌的近15%，且往往具有较高的复发和转移率，尽管进行了多线治疗，总体预后通常较差。在过去两到三年里，免疫疗法从根本上改变了临床医生对TNBC的治疗方法，即使仍然缺乏有针对性的特异性治疗选择；这种未满足的需求因这种亚型乳腺癌的极端分子和临床异质性以及对单药治疗和联合治疗的微弱反应而进一步凸显。2023年3月，美国主要癌症中心协会国家综合癌症网络（NCCN）发布了最新的临床实践指南，更新了乳腺癌领域的经典和新方法。本综述的目的是总结转移性TNBC治疗的最新研究结果，重点关注美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准并纳入NCCN指南的各类药物。我们还介绍了部分最新发表的研究，这些研究报告了能够特异性靶向TNBC发病机制中某些生物标志物的新的、有前景的分子。我们在PubMed和Scopus数据库中搜索了过去5年文献中报道的免费全文，使用了“三阴性乳腺癌”或“TNBC”或“基底样”等关键词。文章由作者独立进行双盲分析，本综述共纳入114篇文章。
