Boehm G, Melichar V, Lorenz I, Senger H, Müller D M, Beyreiss K
Padiatr Padol. 1986;21(2):171-6.
To enable an enteral nutrition in very low birth weight infants appropriate for gestational age, adapted to the high nutritional requirements, pooled human milk from mothers delivered preterm was enriched with human milk lyophilisate 6 g/100 ml. The concentrations of protein increase from 11.8 +/- 1.2 to 15.8 +/- 2.1 g/l and the non-protein energy substrates raise in the same proportion. Osmolality increases from 291.6 +/- 11.2 to 384.9 +/- 19.6 mosmol/l. The higher protein intake was tolerated without relevant metabolic imbalances. Only small increasing of amino acids concentrations in serum and a higher renal excretion of amino acids could be observed. The nitrogen balance was equalized during the first two days of life and positive from the 3rd day of life. Nitrogen retention was significantly higher in the group fed human milk lyophilisate enriched human milk from the 2nd day of life. Also the postnatal weight losses were significantly lower and the birth weight was reached significantly earlier. Human milk lyophilisate enriched human milk can be recommended for nutrition of very low birth weight infants appropriate for gestational age from the first day of life.
为使适于胎龄的极低出生体重儿能够进行肠内营养，以适应其高营养需求，将早产母亲的母乳汇集起来，并添加6 g/100 ml的人乳冻干物。蛋白质浓度从11.8±1.2 g/l增加到15.8±2.1 g/l，非蛋白质能量底物也以相同比例增加。渗透压从291.6±11.2 mosmol/l增加到384.9±19.6 mosmol/l。较高的蛋白质摄入量能够耐受，且未出现相关代谢失衡。仅观察到血清氨基酸浓度略有增加以及氨基酸肾排泄量增加。氮平衡在出生后前两天达到平衡，从出生后第3天开始呈正值。从出生后第2天起，喂食添加人乳冻干物的母乳组的氮潴留显著更高。出生后体重减轻也显著更低，且更早达到出生体重。添加人乳冻干物的母乳可从出生第一天起推荐用于适于胎龄的极低出生体重儿的营养。
