Escuela de Ciencias Químicas Sede Ocozocoautla, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 29140, Mexico.
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 16;24(12):10220. doi: 10.3390/ijms241210220.
Pain is a complex experience that involves physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects. This review focuses specifically on the physiological processes underlying pain perception, with a particular emphasis on the various types of sensory neurons involved in transmitting pain signals to the central nervous system. Recent advances in techniques like optogenetics and chemogenetics have allowed researchers to selectively activate or inactivate specific neuronal circuits, offering a promising avenue for developing more effective pain management strategies. The article delves into the molecular targets of different types of sensory fibers such as channels, for example, TRPV1 in C-peptidergic fiber, TRPA1 in C-non-peptidergic receptors expressed differentially as MOR and DOR, and transcription factors, and their colocalization with the vesicular transporter of glutamate, which enable researchers to identify specific subtypes of neurons within the pain pathway and allows for selective transfection and expression of opsins to modulate their activity.
疼痛是一种复杂的体验，涉及身体、情感和认知方面。本篇综述特别关注疼痛感知的生理过程，特别强调了将疼痛信号传递到中枢神经系统的各种类型的感觉神经元。像光遗传学和化学遗传学这样的技术的最新进展使得研究人员能够选择性地激活或失活特定的神经元回路，为开发更有效的疼痛管理策略提供了有希望的途径。这篇文章深入探讨了不同类型的感觉纤维（例如，C 肽纤维中的 TRPV1、C-非肽能受体中的 TRPA1，它们在 MOR 和 DOR 中表达不同）的分子靶点，以及转录因子，及其与谷氨酸囊泡转运体的共定位，这使得研究人员能够在疼痛途径中识别特定的神经元亚型，并允许选择性地转染和表达光感受器来调节它们的活性。
