Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.
Molecules. 2023 Jun 10;28(12):4693. doi: 10.3390/molecules28124693.
Chromium (Cr) can exist in several oxidation states, but the two most stable forms-Cr(III) and Cr(VI)-have completely different biochemical characteristics. The aim of the present study was to evaluate how soil contamination with Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the presence of NaEDTA affects L. biomass; assess the remediation capacity of L. based on its tolerance index, translocation factor, and chromium accumulation; and investigate how these chromium species affect the soil enzyme activity and physicochemical properties of soil. This study consisted of a pot experiment divided into two groups: non-amended and amended with NaEDTA. The Cr(III)- and Cr(VI)-contaminated soil samples were prepared in doses of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg Cr kg d.m. soil. The negative effect of chromium manifested as a decreased biomass of L. (aboveground parts and roots). Cr(VI) proved to be more toxic than Cr(III). The tolerance indices (TI) showed that L. tolerates Cr(III) contamination better than Cr(VI) contamination. The translocation values for Cr(III) were much lower than for Cr(VI). L. proved to be of little use for the phytoextraction of chromium from soil. Dehydrogenases were the enzymes which were the most sensitive to soil contamination with Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Conversely, the catalase level was observed to be the least sensitive. NaEDTA exacerbated the negative effects of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on the growth and development of L. and soil enzyme activity.
铬（Cr）可以存在于几种氧化态中，但两种最稳定的形式-Cr（III）和 Cr（VI）-具有完全不同的生化特性。本研究的目的是评估在 NaEDTA 存在的情况下，土壤中 Cr（III）和 Cr（VI）的污染如何影响 L. 的生物量；根据其耐受指数、迁移因子和铬积累评估 L. 的修复能力；并研究这些铬形态如何影响土壤酶活性和土壤理化性质。本研究包括一个分为两组的盆栽实验：未添加和添加 NaEDTA。Cr（III）和 Cr（VI）污染的土壤样本以 0、5、10、20 和 40 mg Cr kg d.m.土壤的剂量制备。铬的负面影响表现为 L.生物量减少（地上部分和根部）。Cr（VI）比 Cr（III）毒性更大。耐受指数（TI）表明 L. 对 Cr（III）污染的耐受性优于 Cr（VI）污染。Cr（III）的迁移值远低于 Cr（VI）。L. 被证明对从土壤中提取铬的植物修复没有多大用处。脱氢酶是对 Cr（III）和 Cr（VI）污染土壤最敏感的酶。相反，过氧化氢酶水平的敏感性最低。NaEDTA 加剧了 Cr（III）和 Cr（VI）对 L.生长和发育以及土壤酶活性的负面影响。
