Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 8;15(12):2671. doi: 10.3390/nu15122671.
The overconsumption of palatable energy-dense foods drives obesity, but few human studies have investigated dopamine (DA) release in response to the consumption of a palatable meal, a putative mediator of excess intake in obesity. We imaged [C]raclopride in the brain with positron emission tomography (PET) to assess striatal dopamine (DA) receptor binding pre- and post-consumption of a highly palatable milkshake (250 mL, 420 kcal) in 11 females, 6 of whom had severe obesity, and 5 of whom had healthy-weight. Those with severe obesity underwent assessments pre- and 3 months post-vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). Our results demonstrated decreased post- vs. pre-meal DA receptor binding in the ventral striatum ( = 0.032), posterior putamen ( = 0.012), and anterior caudate ( = 0.018), consistent with meal-stimulated DA release. Analysis of each group separately suggested that results in the caudate and putamen were disproportionately driven by meal-associated changes in the healthy-weight group. Baseline (pre-meal) DA receptor binding was lower in severe obesity than in the healthy-weight group. Baseline DA receptor binding and DA release did not change from pre- to post-surgery. The results of this small pilot study suggest that milkshake acutely stimulates DA release in the ventral and dorsal striatum. This phenomenon likely contributes to the overconsumption of highly palatable foods in the modern environment.
过量摄入美味的高能量食物会导致肥胖，但很少有人体研究调查过多巴胺（DA）在食用美味餐食时的释放情况，而多巴胺被认为是肥胖症中过量摄入的潜在介质。我们使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）对[C]raclopride 进行成像，以评估 11 名女性（其中 6 名患有严重肥胖症，5 名体重健康）在食用美味奶昔（250 毫升，420 卡路里）前后纹状体多巴胺（DA）受体结合情况，这些女性均食用了一份非常美味的奶昔。其中患有严重肥胖症的女性在接受垂直袖状胃切除术（VSG）前和 3 个月后进行了评估。我们的研究结果表明，与餐前相比，餐后纹状体腹侧（ = 0.032）、壳核后部（ = 0.012）和尾状核前部（ = 0.018）的 DA 受体结合减少，这与进食刺激 DA 释放一致。对每组分别进行分析表明，在体重健康的组中，尾状核和壳核的结果主要受到与进食相关的变化驱动。严重肥胖症患者的基线（餐前）DA 受体结合水平低于体重健康的组。从术前到术后，DA 受体结合和 DA 释放均未发生变化。这项小型试点研究的结果表明，奶昔会急性刺激腹侧和背侧纹状体的 DA 释放。这种现象可能导致在现代环境中过度摄入美味的高能量食物。
