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用于致动器的可持续弹性体：“绿色”合成方法与材料特性

Sustainable Elastomers for Actuators: "Green" Synthetic Approaches and Material Properties.

作者信息

Filippova Olga V, Maksimkin Aleksey V, Dayyoub Tarek, Larionov Dmitry I, Telyshev Dmitry V

机构信息

Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street 2-4, 119991 Moscow, Russia.

Department of Physical Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jun 20;15(12):2755. doi: 10.3390/polym15122755.

DOI:10.3390/polym15122755
PMID:37376401
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10303382/
Abstract

Elastomeric materials have great application potential in actuator design and soft robot development. The most common elastomers used for these purposes are polyurethanes, silicones, and acrylic elastomers due to their outstanding physical, mechanical, and electrical properties. Currently, these types of polymers are produced by traditional synthetic methods, which may be harmful to the environment and hazardous to human health. The development of new synthetic routes using green chemistry principles is an important step to reduce the ecological footprint and create more sustainable biocompatible materials. Another promising trend is the synthesis of other types of elastomers from renewable bioresources, such as terpenes, lignin, chitin, various bio-oils, etc. The aim of this review is to address existing approaches to the synthesis of elastomers using "green" chemistry methods, compare the properties of sustainable elastomers with the properties of materials produced by traditional methods, and analyze the feasibility of said sustainable elastomers for the development of actuators. Finally, the advantages and challenges of existing "green" methods of elastomer synthesis will be summarized, along with an estimation of future development prospects.

摘要

弹性体材料在致动器设计和软体机器人开发中具有巨大的应用潜力。由于其优异的物理、机械和电气性能，用于这些目的的最常见弹性体是聚氨酯、硅酮和丙烯酸弹性体。目前，这些类型的聚合物是通过传统合成方法生产的，这可能对环境有害且对人类健康有危害。利用绿色化学原理开发新的合成路线是减少生态足迹和创造更可持续的生物相容性材料的重要一步。另一个有前景的趋势是由可再生生物资源合成其他类型的弹性体，如萜烯、木质素、几丁质、各种生物油等。本综述的目的是探讨使用“绿色”化学方法合成弹性体的现有方法，将可持续弹性体的性能与传统方法生产的材料的性能进行比较，并分析所述可持续弹性体用于致动器开发的可行性。最后，将总结现有弹性体“绿色”合成方法的优点和挑战，并对未来发展前景进行评估。

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