Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK.
IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK.
Chem Soc Rev. 2023 Aug 14;52(16):5352-5372. doi: 10.1039/d2cs00928e.
T cells are an essential part of the immune system with crucial roles in adaptive response and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Depending on their microenvironment, T cells can be differentiated into multiple states with distinct functions. This myriad of cellular activities have prompted the development of numerous smart probes, ranging from small molecule fluorophores to nanoconstructs with variable molecular architectures and fluorescence emission mechanisms. In this Tutorial Review, we summarize recent efforts in the design, synthesis and application of smart probes for imaging T cells in tumors and inflammation sites by targeting metabolic and enzymatic biomarkers as well as specific surface receptors. Finally, we briefly review current strategies for how smart probes are employed to monitor the response of T cells to anti-cancer immunotherapies. We hope that this Review may help chemists, biologists and immunologists to design the next generation of molecular imaging probes for T cells and anti-cancer immunotherapies.
T 细胞是免疫系统的重要组成部分，在适应性反应和组织稳态维持中起着关键作用。根据其微环境，T 细胞可以分化为具有不同功能的多种状态。这种细胞活动的多样性促使了许多智能探针的发展，从小分子荧光团到具有不同分子结构和荧光发射机制的纳米结构。在本综述中，我们总结了最近在设计、合成和应用智能探针方面的努力，这些探针通过靶向代谢和酶生物标志物以及特定的表面受体，用于对肿瘤和炎症部位的 T 细胞进行成像。最后，我们简要回顾了目前如何利用智能探针来监测 T 细胞对癌症免疫疗法的反应的策略。我们希望本综述可以帮助化学家、生物学家和免疫学家设计下一代用于 T 细胞和癌症免疫疗法的分子成像探针。
Zotero 插件
