Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2023 Nov 1;55(11):2045-2052. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003245. Epub 2023 Jun 27.
The purpose of our study was to determine the influence of practice on the pegboard times and peg-manipulation phases of older adults who were classified as having either slow or fast initial pegboard times.
Participants ( n = 26, 70 ± 6.6 yr) completed two evaluation sessions and six practice sessions in which they performed 25 trials (5 blocks of 5 trials) of the grooved pegboard test. All practice sessions were supervised, and the time to complete each trial was recorded. In each evaluation session, the pegboard was mounted on a force transducer so that the downward force applied to the board could be measured.
Participants were stratified into two groups based on the initial time to complete the grooved pegboard test: a fast group (68.1 ± 6.0 s) and a slow group (89.6 ± 9.2 s). Both groups exhibited the classic two-phase profile (acquisition + consolidation) for learning a de novo motor skill. Despite the similar learning profile for the two groups, there were differences between groups in the phases of the peg-manipulation cycle that became faster with practice. The fast group seemed to reduce trajectory variability when transporting the peg, whereas the slow group seemed to exhibit both a decrease in trajectory variability and greater precision when inserting pegs into the holes.
The changes underlying practice-induced decreases in grooved pegboard time differed for older adults who initially had either a fast or a slow pegboard time.
我们研究的目的是确定练习对老年人在使用叉式插板测试时的叉式插板时间和插板阶段的影响，这些老年人根据初始叉式插板时间的快慢被分为两组。
参与者（n=26，70±6.6 岁）完成了两个评估阶段和六个练习阶段，在每个练习阶段中他们完成 25 次测试（5 个 5 次测试的组块）。所有的练习阶段都有监督，并且记录了完成每次测试的时间。在每个评估阶段，叉式插板都安装在力传感器上，以便可以测量施加在板上的向下力。
参与者根据完成叉式插板测试的初始时间被分为两组：快组（68.1±6.0 s）和慢组（89.6±9.2 s）。两组都表现出学习新运动技能的典型两阶段模式（获得+巩固）。尽管两组的学习模式相似，但在练习过程中，插板操作周期的各个阶段的速度差异存在差异。快组在运输插板时似乎减少了轨迹的可变性，而慢组在将插板插入孔中时似乎不仅减少了轨迹的可变性，而且提高了准确性。
对于初始叉式插板时间较快或较慢的老年人，练习引起的叉式插板时间减少的基础变化不同。
